بررسی تأثیرتیمارهای سرمایی و محرک رشد اسید جیبرلیک برشکست خواب غده‌چه (مینی‌تیوبر) سیب‌زمینی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه پیام نور کرج

2 عضو هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال

3 دانشگاه پیام نور

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر اسید جیبرلیک و شوک سرمایی بر شکست خواب غده­چه (مینی­تیوبر) سیب­زمینی رقم آگریا، آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 4 تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد مطالعه عبارت از 1. کاربرد و عدم کاربرد اسید جیبرلیک (0 و 1000 پی­پی­ام) و 2. شوک سرمایی با دمای 2 درجه سانتیگراد (بدون سرما، یک ­هفته سرما، دو هفته سرما، سه هفته سرمای متوالی و سه هفته سرمای متناوب) بودند. صفات درصد جوانه­زنی، تعداد جوانه در غده­چه، طول جوانه در غده­چه به همراه درصد استقرار مزرعه­ای غده­چه­ها و تعداد غده تولید شده در واحد سطح مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس داده­ها نشان داد که استفاده از اسید جیبرلیک موجب افزایش معنی­دار جوانه­زنی غده­چه­ها می­شود. در صورت تیمار غده­چه­ها توسط 1000 پی­پی­ام اسید جیبرلیک تعداد جوانه در غده­چه در تمام سطوح تیمار سرمایی در بالاترین مقدار قرار داشت، در حالیکه در صورت عدم استفاده از اسید جیبرلیک تیمار سرمایی سبب افزایش معنی­دار تعداد جوانه در غده­چه نسبت به شاهد شد و در عین حال با طولانی­ترشدن دوره سرمادهی تعداد جوانه در غده­چه به طور معنی­داری کاهش یافت. اسید جیبرلیک درصد استقرار مزرعه­ای غده­چه­ها را به طور معنی­داری افزایش داد. در صورت استفاده از اسید جیبرلیک تعداد غده در واحد سطح در تمام سطوح فاکتور سرما تفاوت معنی­داری با هم نداشتند در حالیکه در صورت عدم استفاده از اسید جیبرلیک، با طولانی­تر شدن دوره سرمادهی تعداد غده در واحد سطح به طور معنی­داری افزایش یافت

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on the effect of cold stress and Gibberellic acid (GA) on dormancy breaking of potato minituber

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Asghar Mahmoodi 1
  • Babak Darvishi 2
  • Syrus Mansoorifar 3
  • Mohammad Hassan Jafari Sayadi 3
1 Payame Noor University
3 Payame Noor University
چکیده [English]

To study the effect of gibberellic acid and cold shock on dormancy breaking of potato minitubers Var. Agria, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications was used. Studied factors included: 1. Gibberellic acid (1000 ppm and Control) and 2. Cold shock at 2°C (C1: no cold, C2: a week of cold, C3: two weeks of cold, C4: three consecutive weeks of cold, C5: three intermitant weeks of cold). Germination percentage, number of sprouts/minituber, length of sprouts,field establishment of minitubers and yield/unit area were studied. Results showed that GA significantly stimulated minitubers germination. In the case of 1000 ppm GA, the number of sprouts/minituber was the highest in all levels of cold shock, while in the absence of GA, cold shock significantly increased number of sprouts/minituber and this trait significantly reduced by prolonged cold period. GA significantly increased field establishment of minitubers. In the case of GA, number of produced tubers/unit area was not significantly different in cold shock levels while in the absence of GA, this trait significantly increased by prolonged cold shock.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • gibberellic acid
  • cold shock
  • potato and minituber
AkramGhaderi, F., Kamkar, B. and Soltani, A. 2013. Seed Science and Technology. ACECR Of Mashhad Press, PP: 173-198. (In Farsi)
Alavi Shahri, H. 1988. Report on training and research in Peru. Number 30. promotional magazine published by the Center for Agricultural Research in Khorasan. PP: 35. (In Farsi)
Anonymous. 2013. Statisticsof Agriculture. Volume I: Ministry of Agriculture. (In Farsi)
Asghari, R. and Fathi, M. 2011. The basic principles and methods for producing of prebasic seed potatoe. ACECR. (In Farsi)
Bewley, J. D. and Black, M. 1994. Seeds: Physiology of Development and Germination. Second Edition. Plenum Press., New York.
Fataei, A., Ghandomkar, S., Valizade, M., Hosseinzade, A. and Zargarzade, F. 2000. Effect of priming and harvesting date on yield, storage and health of three major varieties of potatoe. Journal of Crop Sciences, 2: 10-24. (In Farsi)
Gopal Chamali, J. A., and Sarakar, D. 2004. In vitro production of microtuber for conservation of potato germplasm: effect of genotype, abscisic acid, and sucrose. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology – Plant. 40: 485- 490.
Hartmans, K.J. and Van, A. 1979. The influence of growth regulators GA3, ABA, Kinetin and IAA on sprout and root growth and plant development using excised potato buds. Biomedical and Life Science, 22: 319-332.
Hassanabadi, H. 1998. Evaluation of different methods of dormancy breaking in potato seed tuber. The final report of research project. Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, PP: 30. (In Farsi)
Hassanpanah, D., Shahriari, R., Shamel, E. and Fathi, L. 2007. The effect of thiourea and gibberellic acid on potato mini-tubers dormancy breaking. The Fifth Congress of Horticultural Sciences, Shiraz University. (In Farsi)
Holmes, J. C., Lang. R. W. and Singh A. K. 1970. The effect of five growth regulators on apical dominance in potato seed tubers and on subsequent tuber production. Potato Research, 13: 342-352.
Jeffrey C. S. 2009. Ethlene Is Not Involved in Hormone- and Bromoethane-Induced Dormancy Break in Russet Burbank Minitubers. American Journal of Potato Research. 86: 278-285.
Kafi, M,. Khaninejad, S. and Hessam Arefi, I. 2012. Effect of Priming on Dormancy Breaking and Seedling Establishment of Caper (Capparisspinosa L). International Conference on Applied Life Sciences.
Kaminski, R. 1977. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation of morphological and physiological character of potato. Genetica Polonica, 18: 125-133.
Khorshidi, M. and Hassanpanah, D. 2007. The effect of gibberellic acid on dormancy of potato mini-tubers. New Agricultural Sciences Journal, 12: 11-20. (In Farsi)
Lommen, W. J. M. 1993. Post-harvest characteristics of potato mini-tuber with different fresh weights and from different harvests. I: Dry-matter concentration and dormancy. Potato Research, 36: 265-272.
Lommen, W. M. J. 1994. Effect of weight of potato minitubers on sprout growth, emergence and plant characteristics at emergence. Potato Reseach, 37: 315-322.
Mirlohi, A. and Khaiamnekouei, M. 2004. Tissue culture lexicon. Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran. Pp: 366. (In Farsi)
Mortezavibak, A., Aminpour, R. and Pouriaievali, M. 2004. Study on the possibility of summer planting of two potato varieties using dormancy breaking methods of potato seed tuber. Journal of Research and Construction, 73: 79-86. (In Farsi)
Parvizi, K. 2006. Qualitative and quantitative study of new early and late potato varieties. Journal of Research and Development, 79: 80-90. (In Farsi)
Petric, M., Jevremovice, S., Trifunovic, M., Tadic, V., Milosevice, S., Dragicevic, M. and Subotic, A. 2013. The effect of low temperature and GA3 treatments on dormancy breaking and activity of antioxidant enzymes in Fritillariamele agrisbulblets cultured in vitro. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 35: 3223-3236.
Rezaei, E. and Soltani, A. 1998.  Potato cultivation. Mashhad ACECR Publications. 179 pages. (In Farsi)
Salimi, K. H., Hosseini, M. B., Struik, P. C. and Tavakkol Afshari, R. 2010. Carbon disulphide promotes sprouting of potato minitubers. Australian Journal of Crop Sciences, 4: 163-168.
Tekalign, T. and Hammes, P. S. 2004. Response of potato grown under non-inductive condition to paclobutrazol: shoot growth, chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis, assimilate partitioning, tuber yield, quality and dormancy. Plant Growth Regulation. 43: 227-236.
Tekalign, T. and Hames, P. S. 2005. Response of potato grown in a hot tropical lowland to applied paclobutrazol. II: Tuber attributes. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science. 33: 43-51.
Van Ittersum, M. K. and Scholte, K. 1993. Dormancy shortening of seed potatoes by haulm application of gibberellic acid and storage temperature regimes. American Journal of Potato Research, 70: 7-19.
Wurr, D. C. E. and Allen, E. J. 1976. Effects of cold treatments on the sprout growth of three potato varieties. The Journal of Agricultural Science. 86: 221-224.
Wurr, D. C. E., Fellows, J. R., Lynn, J. R. and Allen, E. J. 1993. The impact of some agronomic factors on the variability of potato tuber size distribution. Potato Research. 36: 237-245.