مقاله مروری: سازوکارهای کلیدی تاثیر باکتریهای محرک رشد (PGPR) در کنترل تنش شوری (بذور تلقیح شده – پوشش دار زیستی) گندم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی، بخش بیولوژی خاک، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 دکتری اصلاح نباتات، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

10.22124/jms.2023.7685

چکیده

گندم به­عنوان غذای اصلی اغلب جوامع بشری، یک کالای راهبردی است. با بروز جنگ اکراین و روسیه و اخلال در تامین غلات و همچنین با تغییرات اقلیم در جهان، اهمیت گندم برای تغذیه جمعیت کره زمین بیش از پیش نمایان شده است. این گیاه به­دلیل سازگاری گسترده با شرایط مختلف آب و هوایی، سهولت کشت، امکان نگهداری طولانی مدت، ارزش غذایی مناسب و قابلیت مصرف در اشکال مختلف، بسیار حائز اهمیت است. قرار گرفتن ایران در اقلیم گرم و خشک و در نتیجه شور بودن درصد زیادی از زمین­های زراعی، ایجاب می­نماید که بیشترین توجه به مطالعه و پژوهش در مورد راز و رمزها و روش های افزایش تولید این محصول راهبردی در شرایط تنش( خشکی و شوری ) به­عمل آید. بنابراین باید به­­دنبال راهکار­های ارزان و موثر جهت افزایش تولید این محصول بود. برای مقابله با تنش شوری، روش­های مختلفی از جمله آبشویی خاک­های شور، مدیریت مناسب آبیاری و کشت، استفاده از ارقام گیاهی مقاوم به شوری و کاربرد انواع کودهای زیستی به­عنوان پوشش بذر و یا تلقیح آن مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. استفاده از ریزجانداران مفید یکی از راهکارهای زیستی و موثر محسوب می­شود که در کنار مصرف معقول کودها و مواد شیمیایی، توجه‌ به ‌قابلیت‌های‌ تاثیرگذاری‌ متنوع‌ و بسیار موثر آن­ها در محیط ریشه و برگ برای پرایمینگ زیستی و مولکولی بذر، برای مقابله با شوری و خشکی و در نهایت تولید محصول درکشور نیز جدی گرفته شده و کاربردی گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Review Article: The key mechanisms of growth promoting bacteria (PGPR) on the control of salinity stress (As seed coating and inoculation) in wheat

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Asgharzadeh 1
  • Kobra Saghafi 2
1 Faculty member, Department of Soil Biology, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
2 Ph.D in Plant Breadinding, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Wheat, as a crucial staple food, has gained heightened importance following the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the escalating impacts of climate change. Its adaptability to various climates, ease of cultivation, and rich nutritional value make it indispensable. Iran, with its arid climate and saline arable lands, necessitates a focused study on innovative approaches for wheat cultivation. In this challenging environment, it's imperative to seek cost-effective methods to boost wheat production. Addressing salinity involves diverse techniques like leaching saline soils, improved irrigation management, cultivating salt-tolerant varieties, and utilizing biological fertilizers. Additionally, the application of effective microorganisms stands out as a promising biological method. By influencing the rhizosphere and leaf through biological and molecular priming, these microorganisms enhance the plant's resistance to salinity and drought, ultimately leading to increased growth and yield. Embracing such approaches is essential for sustainable wheat cultivation in these harsh conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Inoculation
  • Priming
  • Salt stress
  • Seed biocoating
  • Wheat
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