بررسی تأثیر عصاره آبی سان‌همپ (Crotalaria juncea) و یولاف (Avena sativa L.) بر جوانه‌زنی علف‌هرز خردل وحشی (Sinapis arvensis)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

2 استاد فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

3 استاد، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی استاک بریج، دانشگاه ماساچوست، ماساچوست، آمریکا

4 دانشیار بیولوژی و بیوتکنولوژی خاک، گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

5 استاد علوم علف‌های‌هرز، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل

10.22124/jms.2023.7605

چکیده

آللوپاتی یکی از روش­های زیست­سازگار به منظور کاهش جوانه­زنی و جلوگیری از استقرار علف­های­هرز است. به منظور بررسی تأثیر عصاره سان­همپ (Crotalaria juncea) و یولاف زراعی (Avena sativa L.) بر جوانه­زنی خردل وحشی (Sinapis arvensis) آزمایشی در سال 1400 در دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی انجام شد. آزمایش به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل نوع عصاره و غلظت­های صفر (آب مقطر)، 1، 5، 10، 15 و 20 درصد آن­ها بود. نتایج نشان داد که درصد جوانه­زنی و مؤلفه­های رشدی بذر خردل وحشی تحت تأثیر برهمکنش نوع عصاره و غلظت­های آن­ها قرار گرفت. کمترین درصد جوانه­زنی و مؤلفه­های رشدی مانند طول ساقه­چه، طول ریشه­چه، سرعت جوانه­زنی، میانگین جوانه­زنی و شاخص بنیه بذر از غلظت­های 15 و 20 درصد عصاره­ها حاصل شد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد عصاره سان­همپ در مقایسه با عصاره یولاف زراعی بازدارندگی بیشتری در درصد جوانه­زنی و مؤلفه­های رشدی بذر خردل وحشی داشت. از نتایج چنین استنباط می­گردد که با افزایش غلظت عصاره­ها، بازدارندگی جوانه­زنی و قدرت استقرار خردل وحشی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی کاهش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the effect of aqueous extracts of sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) and oats (Avena sativa L.) on the germination of wild mustard weed (Sinapis arvensis)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Ahmadnia 1
  • Ali Ebadi 2
  • Masoud Hashemi 3
  • Akbar Ghavidel 4
  • Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim 5
1 . Ph.D Student of Plant Physiology, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil
2 Professor of Plant Physiology, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Soil Sciences, Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil
5 Professor of Weed Science, Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil
چکیده [English]

Allelopathy is one of the biocompatible methods to reduce the germination and establishment of weeds.In order to investigate the effect of sunn hemp extract (Crotalaria juncea) extract and oats (Avena sativa L.) on the germination of wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis), an experiment was conducted in 2022 at the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili University. The experiment was conducted as a factorial based on completely randomized design with three replications. The experimental treatments included the type of extract and their concentrations of zero (distilled water), 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20%. The results showed that the percentage of wild mustard seed germination and its growth components of wild mustard seeds were significantly affected by the interaction of extract type and their concentrations. The lowest percentage of germination and growth components such as plumule length, radicle length, germination speed, mean germination time, and seed germination were obtained from the concentrations of 15 and 20% of the extracts. Also, the results showed that sunn hemp extract had more inhibition on germination percentage and growth components of wild mustard seeds than oat extract. It can be concluded that with the increase in the concentration of the extracts, the inhibition of germination and the establishment power of wild mustard decreased in laboratory conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Allelopathy
  • Extract
  • Germination indicators
  • Radicle
  • Seedling

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