تاثیر تنش‌های خشکی و شوری بر ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی و فیزیولوژیک گیاهچه گوجی‌بری (Lycium barbarum)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گیاهان دارویی، گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی بردسیر، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

2 دانشیار گروه تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی بردسیر، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

3 استادیار گروه تولیدات گیاهی، مرکز آموزش عالی کشاورزی بردسیر، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

4 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

10.22124/jms.2022.6165

چکیده

این تحقیق به­منظور بررسی پاسخ جوانه­زنی گیاه گوجی­بری به تنش­های شوری، خشکی و تنش همزمان شوری-خشکی انجام شد. بدین منظور آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی مرکز آموزش عالی کشاورزی شهرستان بردسیر در سال 1399 اجرا شد. در این مطالعه واکنش گیاه گوجی­بری به چهار سطح پلی اتیلن گلایکول 6000 به­منظور ایجاد تنش خشکی (صفر، 2-، 4- و 8- بار) و چهار سطح نمک کلرید سدیم به منظور ایجاد تنش شوری (صفر، 2-، 4- و 8- بار) در مرحله جوانه­زنی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که با کاهش پتانسیل اسمزی در هر دو تنش خشکی و شوری درصد و سرعت جوانه­زنی، وزن خشک گیاهچه و محتوای رطوبت نسبی کاهش نشان داد، اما نشت الکترولیت نسبی و محتوای پرولین افزایش یافت. بذور گوجی­بری از لحاظ مولفه­های جوانه­زنی شرایط تنش خشکی را بهتر از تنش شوری تحمل کردند، به­طوری که در پتانسیل اسمزی 8- بار تنش شوری بذور گوجی­بری قادر به جوانه­زنی نبوده و ساقه­چه و ریشه­چه­ای تولید نکردند. در پتانسیل اسمزی 2- بار سرعت جوانه­زنی و محتوای رطوبت نسبی در تنش خشکی به­ترتیب 56/4 درصد و 47/0 درصد و در تنش شوری 18/30 درصد و 24/18 درصد کاهش، اما نشت الکترولیت نسبی در تنش خشکی به­میزان 57/0 درصد و در تنش شوری 89/10 درصد افزایش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of drought and salinity stresses on germination and physiological characteristics of goji berry (Lycium barbarum)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sajjad Namdari 1
  • Rooholla Moradi 2
  • Mehdi Naghizadeh 3
  • Amin Pasandipour 4
1 Department of Plant Productions, Agricultural Faculty of Bardsir, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
2 Department of Plant Productions, Agricultural Faculty of Bardsir, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
3 Department of Plant Productions, Agricultural Faculty of Bardsir, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
4 Department of Agronomy, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was done to investigate the germination response of goji berry to salinity, drought and salinity-drought stress. For this purpose, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design in the research laboratory of Bradsir Agricultural Excellence Training Center in 2021 was conducted. In this research, goji berry responses were examined to four levels of polyethylene glycol 6000 to create drought stress (0, -2, -4 and -8 bar) and four levels of sodium chloride to create salinity stress (0, -2, -4 and -8 bar) in the germination stage. The results showed that with decreasing osmotic potential in drought and salinity stresses, germination percentage and germination rate, seedling dry weight and relative water content decreased but relative electrolyte leakage and proline content increased. In general, goji berry seeds withstood drought stress conditions better than salinity stress in terms of germination components, so that in the osmotic potential of -8 bar salinity stress, goji berry seeds were not able to germinate and did not produce any shoots and roots. In osmotic potential of -2 bar, germination rate and relative water content in drought stress decreased by 4.56% and 0.47%, respectively, and in salinity stress decreased by 30.18% and 18.24%, respectively, but relative electrolyte leakage increased in drought and salinity stress by 0.57% and 10.89%, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dry matter
  • Germination percentage
  • Germination rate
  • Ion leakage
  • Proline
Alizadeh, A. 2001. Practical Hydrology Principles. Astan Ghods Razavi Press, Iran. (In Persian) (Book)
Azadbakht, F., Amini Dehaghi., Ahmadi, K. and Alipour Gravand, S. 2020. Effect of organic acids and salt stress on germination of seed and physiological properties of (Echinacea Purpurea L.). Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 7(1): 27-40. (In Persian) (Journal)
Bates, L.S., Waldern, S.P. and Teare, I.D. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil. 39: 205-207. (Journal)
Bayat, H. and Aminifard, M.H. 2018. Effects of salinity and drought stresses on seed germination, growth and prolinecontent of common daisy (Bellis perennis L. Bellissima Mixture) seedling. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 5(2): 83-89. (In Persian) (Journal)
Bijanzadeh, E., Nosrati, K. and Egan, T. 2010. Influence of seed priming techniques on germination and emergence of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Seed Science and Technology, 38: 242-247. (In Persian) (Journal)
Boroumand Rezazadeh, Z. and Kouchaki A.R. 2006. Germination response of ajowan, fennel and dill to osmotic potential of sodium chloride and polyethylene glycol 6000 in different temperature regimes. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 3(2): 207-217. (In Persian) (Journal)
D’Amato, A., Esteve, C., Fasoli, E., Citterio, A. and Righetti, P.G. 2013. Proteomic analysis of Lycium barbarum (Goji) fruit via combinatorial peptide ligand libraries. Electrophoresis, 34: 1729–1736. (Journal)
 
Dadkhah, A. 2010. Salinity effect on germination and seedling growth of four medicinal plants. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 26(3): 358-369. (In Persian)(Journal)
Deilam, A., Rouhani, H., Sabouri, H. and Gholam Ali Pooralmadari, E. 2019. Effect of drought stress and salinity on germination, soluble carbohydrates and proline of Atriplex halimus. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 6(2): 245-255. (In Persian) (Journal)
Farahbakhsh, H., Pasandi Pour, A. and Reiahi, N. 2017. Physiological response of henna (Lawsonia inermise L.) to salicylic acid and salinity. Plant Production Science, 20(2): 237-247. (Journal)
Farhadi, H., Azizi, M. and Nemati, S.H. 2017. Study of germination characteristics of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) population under salinity and drought stress. Journal of Horticulture Science, 31(1): 49-60. (In Persian) (Journal)
Farhoudi, R. and Khordahampour, Z. 2017. Effect of salt and drought stresses on germination, seedling growth and cell membrane stability of anise (Pimpinella anisum) and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) (short communication). Iranian Journal of Seed Research, 4: 103-110. (In Persian) (Journal)
Farooq, S. and Azam, F. 2006. The use of cell membrane stability (CMS) technique to screen for salt tolerance wheat varieties. Journal of Plant Physiology, 163(6): 629-637. (Journal)
Ghoulam, C. and Fares, K. 2001. Effect of salinity on seed germination and early seedling growth of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). Seed Science and Technology, 29: 357-364. (Journal)
Greenwood, M.E. and Macfarlen, G.R. 2009. Effects of salinity on competitive interactions between two Juncus species. Journal of Aquatic Botany, 90: 23-29. (Journal)
Hasani, A. 2006. Effect of peg induced water stress on seed germination characteristics of basil (Ocimum basilicum). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 4(30): 535-543. (In Persian) (Journal)
Hasani, Z., Amraie, N., Ahmadi, K. and Omidi, H. 2021. Effect of priming on seed germination and morpho-physiological traits of Portulacaoleracea L. under salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 8(3): 293-310. (In Persian) (Journal)
Heidari N., Pouryousef, M. and Tavakoli A. 2014. Effects of drought stress on photosynthesis, its parameters and relative water content of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.). Journal of Plant Research, 27(5): 829-839. (In Persian) (Journal)
Hosseini, H. and Rezvani Moghadam, P. 2006. Effect of water and salinity stress in seed germination on isabgol (Plantago ovata). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 4(1): 15-22. (In Persian) (Journal)
Iraki, N.M., Singh, N., Bressan, R.A. and Carpita, N.C. 2006. Cell walls of tobacco cells and changes in composition associated with reduced growth upon updation to water and slain stress. Plant Physiology, 91: 48 -53. (Journal)
Jefferson, L.V. and Penachchio, M. 2003. Allelopathic effects of foliage extracts from four chenopodiacea species on seed germination. Journal of Arid Environment, 55: 275-285. (Journal)
Karlidag, H., Yildirim, E. and Turan, M. 2011. Role of 24 epibrassinolide in mitigating the adverse effects of salt stress on stomatal conductance, membrane permeability, and leaf water content, ionic composition in salt stressed strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa). Scientia Horticulturae, 130: 133–140. (Journal)
Khamari, I., Sarani, Sh.A. and Dahmardeh, M. 2007. The effect of salinity on seed germination and growth in six medicinal plants. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 23: 331-339. (In Persian) (Journal)
Khoraki, M. and Farhoudi, R. 2021. Effect of halopriming on germination and seedling growth of single cross 704 corn seeds under salinity stress condition. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 7(4): 447-461. (In Persian) (Journal)
Lehmann, S., Funck, D., Szabados, L. and Rentsch, D. 2010. Proline metabolism and transport in plant development. Amino Acids, 39: 949-962. (Journal)
Liu, H., Fan, Y., Wang, W., Liu, N., Zhang, H., Zhu, Z. and Liu, A. 2012. Polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum leaves: isolation, characterization and splenocyte proliferation activity. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 51: 417–422. (Journal)
 
Ma, Q., Turner, D.W., Levy, D. and Cowling, W.A. 2004. Solute accumulation and osmotic adjustment in leaves of Brassica oilseeds in response to soil water deficit. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 55(9): 939-945. (Journal)
Manivannan, P., Jaleel, C.A., Sankar, B., Kishorekumar, A., Somasundaram, R., Lakshmanan, G.A. and Panneerselvam, R. 2007. Growth, biochemical modifications and proline metabolism in Helianthus annuus L. as induced by drought stress, Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 59: 141-149. (Journal)
Mehrabi, A.A., Mansour, O. and Fazelinasab, B. 2011. Effect of Salt Stress on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Callus Culture of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Sciences, 42(1): 81-90. (In Persian) (Journal)
Munns, R. 2002. Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant, Cell and Environment, 25(2): 239-250. (Journal)
Munns, R., James, R.A. and Lauchli, A. 2006. Approaches to increasing the salt tolerance of wheat and other cereals. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57: 1025-1043. (Journal)
Nazarian Sirzar, R., Vatankhah, E., Amanifar, S. and Vafadar, M. 2020. The effect of salt stress on germination, growth and concentration of glycyrrhizic acid in liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra). Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 7(3): 295-308. (In Persian) (Journal)
Noor, E., Azhar, F.M. and Khan, A.L. 2001. Differences in responses of gossypium hirsutum L. varieties to NaCl salinity at seedling stage. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. (Journal)
Olivera, D.M.P., Ramos, I.B., Reis, F.C.G., Lima, A.P.C.A. and Machado, E. 2008. Interplay between acid phosphatase and cystein proteases in mediating vitellin degradation during early embryogenesis of Periplaneta americana. Journal of Insect Physiology, 54: 883-891. (Journal)
Padma, T.V. 2005. India ayurveda. Nature, 436: 486-486. (Journal)
Patade, V.Y., Bhargava, S. and Suprasanna, P. 2009. Halopriming imparts tolerance to salt and PEG induced drought stress in Sugarcane. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 134: 24-28. (Journal)
Perez, J.G., Robles, J.M., Tovar, J.C. and Botia, P. 2009. Response to drought and salt stress of lemon ‘Fino 49’ under field conditions: Water relations, osmotic adjustment and gas exchange. Scientia Horticulturae, 122: 83-90. (Journal)
Poljakoff-mayber, A., Somers, G.F., Werker, E. and Gallagher, J.I. 1994. Seeds of Kosteletzkya virginica (Malvaceace), their structure, germination and salt tolerance. American Journal of Botany, 81: 54-59. (Journal)
Saeedi Goraghani, H., Ranjbar Fordoei, A., Soleimani Sardo, M. and Mahdavi, M. 2017. Effect of salinity and drought stresses on germination stage and growth of black cumin (Bunium persicum boiss). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 15(1): 1-7. (In Persian) (Journal)
Salehi, M., Kafi, M. and Kiani, A.R. 2011. Effect of salinity and water deficit stresses on biomass production of kochia (Kochia scoparia) and trend of soil salinity. Seed and Plant Production Journal, 27(2): 417-433. (In Persian) (Journal)
Sharafi, Z., Modarres-Sanavy, S.A.M. and Heidarzadeh, A. 2021. Some germination characteristics of Portulaca oleracea L., Malva neglecta Wallr., and Amaranthus retroflexus L. under salinity and drought Stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 8(1): 1-12. (In Persian) (Journal)
Tang, W.M., Chan, E., Kwok, C.Y., Lee, Y.K., Wu, J.H., Wan, C.W., Chan, R.Y.K., Yu, P.H.F. and Chan, S.W. 2012. A review of the anticancer and immunomodulatory effects of Lycium barbarum fruit. Inflammopharmacology, 20: 307–314. (Journal)
Turkan, I. and Demiral, T. 2009. Recent developments in understanding salinity tolerance. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 67: 2-9. (Journal)
Yagmur, M. and Kaydan, D. 2008. Alleviation of osmotic stress of water and salt in germination and seedling growth of triticale with seed priming treatments. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7(13): 2156-2162. (Journal)
 
Yazdani Biuki, R. and Rezvani Moghaddam, P. 2012. Germination characteristics of marshmallow (Althea officinalis L.) as influenced by drought and salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 10: 1-10. (In Persian) (Journal)
Yazdani Biuki, R., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Khazaie, H.R., Ghorbani, R. and Astaraei, A.R. 2010. Effects of salinity and drought stresses on germination characteristics of milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 8: 12-19. (In Persian) (Journal)
Zarei, B., Fazeli, A. and Taghipour, Z. 2020. Changes Investigating effect of salicylic acid on germination and activity of some enzymes antioxidant of Nigella sativa L. under salt stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 7(2): 241-252. (In Persian) (Journal)