بررسی ویژگی‌های زراعی و پایداری عملکرد برخی ژنوتیپ‌های متوسط-دیررس سیب‌زمینی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،کرج، ایران

3 محقق مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،کرج، ایران

چکیده

سیب­زمینی با توجه به پتانسیل عملکردی بالا نقش مهمی در تامین امنیت غذایی در ایران و بسیاری از کشورهای دیگر دارد. امروزه نیاز به ارقامی از این گیاه که پایداری و سازگاری بالایی با شرایط اقلیمی ایران داشته باشند، وجود دارد، بنابراین انجام آزمایش‌های پایداری عملکرد و سازگاری از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. در این پژوهش در سه منطقه، خراسان رضوی، زنجان و همدان، تعداد نه ژنوتیپ وارداتی متوسط-دیررس به­همراه یک ژنوتیپ شاهد رایج در کشت این گیاه طی دو سال 1395 و 1396 در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار کشت شدند و صفات عملکرد کل غده در واحد سطح، عملکرد غده قابل فروش، تعداد ساقه اصلی در بوته، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد غده بذری، تعداد کل غده سیب­زمینی و درصد ماده خشک مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد بین ارقام مورد آزمون در مکان‌های مختلف اختلاف معنی­دار وجود داشت. همچنین اثر سال در مکان در ژنوتیپ برای تمامی صفات مورد ارزیابی به‌جز ارتفاع بوته و درصد ماده خشک تفاوت معنی‌داری نشان داد. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش ژنوتیپ‌های رودئو، سیفرا، فابولا، پانامرا و ساگیتا به­عنوان ژنوتیپ برتر برای کشت بهاره و ژنوتیپ چلنجر به­طور خاص با هدف مصرف در بخش صنعت پیشنهاد شدند. در مجموع، سازگارترین ژنوتیپ‌ها با بالاترین عملکرد غده سیب­زمینی به­طور اختصاصی، ژنوتیپ رودئو برای خراسان رضوی، ژنوتیپ‌های سیفرا و فابولا برای زنجان و ژنوتیپ‌های پانامرا و ساگیتا برای همدان بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of agronomic characteristics and yield stability of some medium-late maturing potato genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farshid Hassani 1
  • Cobra Moslemkhany 2
  • Zahra Tahernezhad 3
1 Assistant of Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
2 Associate professor of Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
3 Researcher of Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Potatoes play an important role in ensuring food security in Iran and many other countries due to their high yield potential.. There is a vast need for cultivars adapted and stable to Iran’s weather conditions so that evaluation of yield stability and adaptation experiments is vital. In this study, nine medium-late maturities imported genotypes along with one medium-late maturity control genotype, were cultivated in RCBD with three replications in three important cultivation sites (Khorasan Razavi, Zanjan, and Hamedan) in two years (2016, 2017). Then traits of tuber yield, marketable tuber yield, number of the main stem in a plant, plant height, number of seed tuber, total number of tuber, and finally dried matter percentage were assessed. Results showed significant differences between cultivars in different places. It was concluded by the analysis of variance (ANOVA)results that the effect of year × place × genotype has a significant difference for all evaluated traits except plant height and dried matter percentage. The Rodeo, Sifra, Fabula, Panamera, and Sagitta were selected for spring cultivation as best genotypes and Challenger genotype was suggested to be sowed by the aim of consumption in the industrial. In general, the most adapted genotypes with the highest yield tuber were Rodeo genotypes for Khorasan Razavi, Sifra, and Fabula genotypes for Zanjan, and Panamera, and Sagitta genotypes for Hamedan. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • GGE Biplot
  • Morpho-physiological traits
  • Potato
  • Tuber yield
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