مقایسه شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی، صفات مورفو-فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی بذور و گیاهچه‌های گوار و نخود تحت کاربرد سطوح مختلف نانوذرات روی و آهن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی سرایان، دانشگاه بیرجند

2 کارشناس ارشد اگرواکولوژی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند.

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی اثر نانوذرات و غلظت­های مختلف آن­ها بر مراحل جوانه­زنی، رشد و نمو گیاهان زراعی، آزمایش­هایی به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی بر بذور گوار و نخود در کشت پتری­دیش و گلدانی صورت گرفت. در کشت پتری­دیش، اثر غلظت­های مختلف نانوذرات روی و آهن (شاهد، 100، 200 و 300 میلی­گرم بر لیتر) بر شاخص­های جوانه­زنی بذر و در کشت گلدانی اثرات غلظت­های مذکور نانوذرات روی و آهن بر صفات رشدی، فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاهچه­های گوار و نخود بررسی شدند. نتایج آزمایش پتری­دیش نشان داد که بیش­ترین درصد جوانه­زنی، مقاومت ریشه­چه و کم­ترین زمان رسیده به 50 درصد جوانه­زنی تحت برهمکنش نخود × نانوذره آهن×300 میلی­گرم بر لیتر حاصل شد. همچنین، بیش­ترین سرعت جوانه­زنی برای بذور گوار و نخود تحت غلظت 300 میلی­گرم بر لیتر نانوذره آهن حاصل شد. نتایج آزمایش گلخانه­ای نیز نشان داد که بیش­ترین طول ساقه، وزن خشک اندام­های هوایی و ریشه برای گیاه گوار تحت غلظت 300 میلی­گرم بر لیتر نانوذره روی به دست آمد. همچنین، محتوای کلروفیل a، کلروفیل کل و پروتئین برگ تحت کاربرد 300 میلی­گرم بر لیتر نانوذره روی افزایش یافت. از طرفی، میزان کلروفیل b و کاروتنوئید­ها تحت غلظت 300 میلی­گرم بر لیتر نانوذره آهن بیش­تر شد. به­طور کلی، نتیجه­گیری می­شود که نانوذرات روی و آهن در محدوده غلظت­های 300-100 میلی­گرم بر لیتر دارای اثرات مثبتی بر شاخص­های جوانه­زنی، رشدی، فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی بذور و گیاهچه­های گوار و نخود می­باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of germination indices, morpho-physiological and biochemical traits of seeds and seedlings of guar and chickpea under the application of different concentrations of zinc and iron nanoparticles

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed HamidReza Ramazani 1
  • Mahdi Alahresani 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural Faculty of Sarayan, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
2 Master of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Agricultural Faculty of University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effects of nanoparticles and their concentrations on the stages of germination, growth and development of crop plants, experiments were performed using a factorial experiment based on the completely randomized design on guar and chickpea seeds as the Petri dish and pot. In the present study, the effects of different concentrations of zinc and iron nanoparticles (control, 100, 200, and 300 mg.l-1) were examined on seed germination indices in petri dish cultivation and growth, physiological and biochemical traits of the mentioned plants in pot cultivation. The results of the Petri dish experiment showed that the highest percentage of germination, root resistance, and the lowest T50 were obtained under the interaction of chickpeas, iron nanoparticles, 300 mg.l-1. Also, the highest germination rate was obtained for guar and chickpea seeds at a concentration of 300 mg.l-1 of the iron nanoparticle. The results of the pot experiment also showed that the maximum shoot length, dry weight of aerial part and root were achieved for the plant exposed to a concentration of 300 mg.l-1 of zinc nanoparticle. Also, the content of chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll and leaf protein increased by 300 mg.l-1 of zinc nanoparticle. On the other hand, the amount of chlorophyll b and carotenoids increased under a concentration of 300 mg.l-1 of the iron nanoparticle. In general, it is concluded that zinc and iron nanoparticles in the range of concentrations of 100-300 mg.l-1 had positive effects on germination, growth, physiological and biochemical indices of seeds and seedlings of guar and chickpea in these conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chickpea
  • Guar
  • Leaf protein
  • Nanotechnology
  • Plant pigments
  • Seed germination
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