بررسی روش‌های شکست خواب بذر بابا آدم (Arctium lappa)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نیاتات و مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان گرمسیری و نیمه‌گرمسیری، واحد شوشتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شوشتر، ایران

2 عضو هیات علمی گروه زراعت و اصلاح نیاتات و مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان گرمسیری و نیمه‌گرمسیری، واحد شوشتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شوشتر، ایران.

چکیده

گیاه بابا آدم (Arctium lappa) گیاه دارویی ارزشمندی است که دارای مشکل خواب بذر است. این پژوهش به­منظور بررسی تاثیر تیمارهای شکست خواب بذر گیاه بابا آدم بر تحریک جوانه­زنی این گیاه در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شوشتر در سال 1395 انجام شد. تیمارهای شکست خواب بذر در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با پنج تکرار انجام شد. بیش­ترین درصد جوانه­زنی در تیمارهای اسید جیبرلیک (500 پی­پی­ام) + خراش­دهی با اسید سولفوریک 75 درصد (86 درصد)، اسید جیبرلیک (500 پی­پی­ام) + خراش­دهی با آب داغ 70 درجه سلسیوس (87 درصد) و اسید جیبرلیک (500 پی­پی­ام) + خراش­دهی  با آب داغ 90 درجه سلسیوس (84 درصد) مشاهده شد. خراش­دهی بذر با آب داغ در مقایسه با اسید سولفوریک بهتر بود زیرا استفاده از اسید سولفوریک سبب افزایش گیاهچه­های غیر نرمال شد. بیش­ترین میزان گیاهچه­های غیر نرمال در بذرهای تیمار شده با اسید سولفوریک 75 درصد، اسید جیبرلیک (500 پی­پی­ام) + خراش­دهی با اسید سولفوریک 75 درصد و نیترات پتاسیم (یک درصد) + خراش­دهی با اسید سولفوریک 75 درصد مشاهده شد ( به­ترتیب 7/11، 3/11 و 9/10 درصد).  تیمار بذرها با نیترات پتاسیم و اسید جیبرلیک سبب افزایش فعالیت آنزیم آلفاآمیلاز و غلظت اکسین گیاهچه بابا آدم شد درحالی­که سبب کاهش غلظت آبسزیک اسید گیاهچه شد. بیش­ترین شاخص ویگور در تیمار اسید جیبرلیک (500 پی­پی­ام) + خراش­دهی با آب داغ 70 درجه سلسیوس مشاهده شد. به­طورکلی نتایج نشان داد تیمار خراش­دهی بذر بابا آدم با آب داغ 70 درجه سلسیوس به­مدت 10 دقیقه و به­دنبال آن خیساندن بذر در محلول 500 پی­پی­ام اسید جیبرلیک به­مدت 12 ساعت بهترین تیمار برای بهبود جوانه­زنی و تحریک رشد گیاهچه بابا آدم می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evalution of Arctium lappa seed dormancy breaking methods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rozbeh Farhoudi 1
  • Adel Modhej 1
  • Mohammad Motamedi 2
1 Depatment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding and tropical and subtropical plants research center, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar branch, Shoushtar, Iran
2 Depatment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding and tropical and subtropical plants research center, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar branch, Shoushtar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Arctium lappa is an important medical plant with seed dormancy problem. A study was carried out to investigate the effects of seed dormancy breaking treatments on Arctium lappa germination. Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replication. The highest germination percentage was recorded in seeds treated with GA3 (500 ppm) +  H2SO4 75% (86%), GA3 (500 ppm) + hot water 70 0C (87%) and GA3 (500 ppm) + hot water 90 0C (84%). Seed scarification with hot water were better than H2SO4 because H2SOincreased  abnormal seedling percentage. Highest abnormal seedling showed in H2SO4 75%, GA3 (500 ppm) + H2SO4 75% and KNO3 (1%) +  H2SO4 75 % treatments (11.7%, 11.3% and 10.9% respectively). Seed treatment with KNO3 and GA3 increas α- amylase activity and Auxin concentration in Arctium lappa seedlings and decreased Abscisic Acid content in seedlings. The maximum seedling vigor index obtaines in seeds treated with GA3 (500 ppm) + hot water 70 0C . Results indicated Arctium lappa seeds scarification with hot water 70 0C (10 min) followed by socking in GA3 (500 ppm) for 12 hour was most effective treatment for seed dormancy breaking and improved seedling growth.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • α- amylase
  • GA3
  • Germination Percentage
  • H2SO4
  • Hot Water
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