مطالعه خصوصیات زراعی و بیوشیمیایی پروتئین‌های دانه در ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف سویا [Glycine Max (L.) Merrill]

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری ژنتیک مولکولی و مهندسی ژنتیک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست فناورری طبرستان، ساری، ایران

2 استاد، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

3 استاد، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست فناوری طبرستان، ساری، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست فناوری طبرستان، ساری، ایران

چکیده

دانه سویا یکی از منابع اصلی تولید روغن و پروتئین در جهان محسوب می­شود. از طرفی دیگر دانه سویا به جهت پروتئین­های مطلوب و ارزان یکی از مهم­ترین منابع پروتئینی است که به­طور مستقیم و یا غیر مستقیم (در صنعت دامپروری) در جیره غذایی انسان قرار دارد. در این تحقیق برخی از خصوصیات زراعی (مانند ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه، تعداد غلاف­ها، وزن دانه، عملکرد دانه و زمان رسیدن) و همچنین خصوصیات کیفی دانه (شامل میزان پروتئین­های قابل حل، میزان بازدارنده­های پروتئازی و میزان پروتئین لکتین) در شش لاین موتانت و نه رقم زراعی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که لاین­های موتانت 032-240-D-P4 و 032-240-D-P1 علاوه بر صفات زراعی مطلوب، دارای پتانسیل بالایی در عملکرد دانه می­باشند. از نظر خصوصیات کیفی پروتئین­های دانه نیز ارقام زراعی نکادر و کاسپین به­ترتیب بیش­ترین میزان پروتئین و همچنین بیش­ترین میزان پروتئین­های ذخیره­ای آلبومین و گلوبولین را دارا بودند. همچنین ارزیابی میزان فاکتورهای ضد تغذیه­ای نیز مشخص نمود که لاین­های موتانت به­همراه رقم زراعی آرین در مقایسه با ارقام رایج زراعی کم­ترین میزان بازدارنده­های پروتئازی (PIA) و پروتئین لکتین (HAU) را دارا می­باشند. به­طور کلی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که لاین موتانت 032-240-D-P4 در مقایسه با دیگر ارقام رایج زراعی با عملکرد دانه بیش­تر و همچنین با کم­ترین میزان فاکتورهای ضدتغذیه­ای می­تواند به­عنوان واریته جدید مورد مطالعه بیش­تری قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of agronomic and biochemical properties of seed storage protein quality in different soybean genotypes [Glycine Max (L.) Merrill]

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Arefrad 1
  • Nadali Babayian Jelodar 2
  • GhorbanAli Nematzadeh 3
  • Ali Dehestani 4
1 Ph.D Candidate of Molecular Genetics and Genetics Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]

Soybeans are considered as a main source of oil and protein production in the world. On the other hand, soybean seeds are one of the most important sources of protein that is directly or indirectly (in the livestock industry) in the human diet due to its favorable and inexpensive proteins. In this study some of agronomic characteristics (such as: plant height, number of branches, number of pods, seed weight, seed yield and day to maturity) and also seed storage protein quality properties (such as: soluble protein content, protease inhibitors contents and lectin protein) in six mutant lines and nine cultivars were studied. The results demonstrated that the 032-240-D-P1 and 032-240-D-P4 mutant lines have a high grain yield potential in addition to desirable agronomic traits. In terms of qualitative properties of grain proteins, Nekador and Caspian cultivars had the highest protein and the highest of albumin and globulin storage proteins, respectively. Also, the evaluation of anti-nutritional factors also revealed that all the mutant lines and Arian cultivar had the lowest protease inhibitors (PIA) and lectin (HAU) protein, which could be considered as promising genotypes for the soybean breeding programs. Results from this study suggested that the 032-240-D-P4 mutant line by high seed yield and the lowest of anti-nutritional factors could be studied as a new variety.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agronomic traits
  • Anti-nutrients proteins
  • Lectin protein
  • Protease inhibitors
  • Soybean
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