ارزیابی رویش و بنیه گیاهچه سه جمعیت گونه آویشن دنایی (Thymus daenensis) تحت تأثیر روش‌های مختلف پرایمینگ در شرایط گلخانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشگاه پیام نور واحد تهران شرق، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشگاه پیام نور واحد تهران شرق، تهران، ایران

4 استاد، دانشگاه پیام نور واحد تهران شرق، تهران، ایران

5 استاد موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور ارزیابی رویش بذر و بنیه گیاه‌چه سه جمعیت گونه آویش با روش­های مختلف پرایمینگ بذر، آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1394 در آزمایشگاه، بانک ژن موسسه تحقیقات جنگل­ها و مراتع کشور انجام گرفت. در این آزمایش فاکتور الف شامل: سه جمعیت از آویشن دنایی (Thymus daenensis) با منشاء لرستان، اصفهان و مرکزی فاکتور ب شامل: تیمارهای اسموپرایمینگ (پلی­اتیلن­گلایکول 6/0 و 9/0 مگاپاسگال)، هورمونال پرایمینگ (اکسین 250 و 500 پی پی ام، ماتریکس پرایمینگ (زوئولیت)، هیدرو پرایمینگ (آب مقطر)، شاهد (بدون پرایمینگ) بودند. کشت بذرهای پرایم­شده در سطح گلدان‌ها و رشد آن­ها در شرایط گلخانه انجام گرفت،. صفات سبزشدن شامل درصد و سرعت سبزشدن، طول ریشه‌چه، ساقه‌چه، گیاهچه، شاخص بنیه، وزن تر و خشک، درصد وزن خشک و نسبت طول ریشه‌چه به طول ساقه‌چه اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج بین سه جمعیت گونه آویشن نشان داد که بیش­ترین درصد و سرعت سبزشدن به مقادیر(76 درصد و 17/13 جوانه/روز)، در جمعیت 1110 (با منشاء لرستان) مشاهده شد. اثر تیمارهای پرایمینگ روی جمعیت­ها نشان داد که حداکثر درصد و سرعت سبزشدن(88 درصد و 39/15جوانه/روز)، طول گیاهچه و شاخص بنیه (57 میلی‌متر، 50) با اثر پلی­اتیلن­گلایول (9/0 مگاپاسگال) در جمعیت 1110-لرستان، به­دست آمد.  همچنین درصد و سرعت سبزشدن ( 83 درصد، 15جوانه/روز)، طول گیاهچه و شاخص بنیه (59 میلی‌متر و 49) جمعیت 1110 -لرستان با اثر تیمار زئولیت در حداکثر بود. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق مشخص شد که روش ماتریکس پرایمینگ (زئولیت) و اسموپرایمینگ (پلی­اتیلن­گلایکول) موثرترین روش بود. بنابر‌این این‌ دو روش برای اهلی­کردن و استقرار مناسب گیاهان دارویی توصیه می‌شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of seed emergence and vigor of three population of Thymus daenensis by different priming technique in greenhouse condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • MohammadAli Alizadeh 1
  • Nafiseh Hossieni Todashki 2
  • Hamid Sobhanian 3
  • GholamReza Bakhshi Khaniki 4
  • AliAshraf Jafari 5
1 Associate Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 MSc. Student of Agronomy, Payam-e-Noor University, East Branch of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Payam-e-Noor University, East Branch of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
4 Professor, Payam-e-Noor University, East Branch of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
5 Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted in greenhouse of Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Tehran, Iran in 2015-2016. The levels of factor A were: three populations of (Thymus daenensis) originated from Lorestan, Markazi and Isfahan province, Factor B were: osmopriming (PEG 0.6 and 0.9 Mpa), hormonal priming (250 and 500 ppm of Auxin), Matrix priming (Zeolite1%), hydropriming (distilled water) and control. The primed seeds were sown on pots and growing in greenhouse. Seed emergence characteristics including of percentage and speed of emergence, root and shoot length, vigor index, seedling fresh and dry weight were measured. The mean comparison three populations of thymus showed that maximum emergence percentage and speed of emergence as (76%, 13.17/sprout/day) were observed in population of 1110-Lorestan.  The effect of treatments on the populations showed that The maximum percentage of emergence and speed of emergence (88%, 15.39/ sprout/day), seedling length  and vigor index (57mm,50), were obtained with priming technique (PEG 0.9 Mpa) in the population of 1110-Lorestan. Also percentage of emergence and speed of emergence (83%, 15/sprout/day) and seedling length, vigor index as (59 mm, 49) of the population of 110-Lorestan were maximum with matrix priming (zeolite). Regarding to result of this research work, it was proved that two priming technique including: Osmo-priming (Polyethylene glycol) and Matrix priming (perlite) were effective method compare with other method. Therefore these two method are recommending for domestication and optical establishment of medicinal plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Emergence
  • Priming
  • Thymus daenensis
  • Vigor
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