بررسی پیری تسریع شده بر صفات کمی و کیفی علف‌های هرز پنیرک (Malva neglecta Wallr.)، خرفه (Portulaca oleracea L.) و تاج‌خروس (Amaranthus retroflexus L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فارغ‌‌التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به­منظـور بررسـی تـأثیر سطوح پیری تسریع­شده بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی جوانه­زنی علف­های هرز خرفه، تاج­خروس و پنیرک مطالعه­ای به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالـب طـرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار در آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در سال 1397 انجام شـد. سـطوح مختلـف پیری در پنج سطح (صفر، 24، 48، 72 و 96 ساعت قراردادن بذرها در محیطی با رطوبت نسبی 100 درصد و دمای 45 درجه‌ سلسیوس) به­عنوان عامل اول و سه گونه­های علف هرز (پنیرک (Malva neglecta Wallr.)، خرفه  (Portulaca oleracea L.) و تاج­خروس (Amaranthus retroflexus L.)) به­عنوان عامل دوم در نظر گرفته شدند. نتـایج نـشان داد که تمام صفات مورد مطالعه تحت تأثیر اثرات متقابل فاکتورهای مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. در شرایط مطلوب (عدم اعمال پیری تسریع­شده) خرفه و تاج­خروس بیش­ترین درصد جوانه­زنی و قدرت سبزشدن گیاهچه را داشتند، ولی نتایج در مورد فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی اکسیدانت و غلظت پروتئین در سه گونه علف هرز متفاوت بود به­نحوی­که بیش­ترین میزان فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز در علف­های هرز پنیرک و تاج­خروس تحت تیمار 24 ساعت زوال بذر و در علف هرز خرفه تحت تیمار 72 و 96 ساعت زوال به­دست آمد. در نهایت نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه نشان داد که کیفیت بذر هر سه گونه علف هرز تحت شرایط زوال کاهش می‌یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation on accelerated aging on quantitative and qualitative traits of Malva neglecta wallr., Portulaca oleracea L. and amaranthus retroflexus L.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zeinab Sharafi 1
  • Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy 2
  • Ali Heidarzadeh 3
1 MSc Graduated of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
3 Ph.D Candidate of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effects of accelerated aging on quantitative and qualitative characteristics germination of Malva neglecta, Portulaca oleracea and Amaranthus retroflexus experiments a completely randomized factorial design were conducted in the research laboratory of the college of agriculture, University of Tarbiat Modarres during 2018. Treatments were accelerated aging, respectively, at five levels (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours Placing seeds in an environment with a relative humidity of 100% and a temperature of 45 degrees Celsius) Were considered as the first factor and weed species as the second factor. The results showed that all traits were influenced by the interaction of factors. In optimum conditions (without accelerated aging) Portulaca oleracea and Amaranthus retroflexus highest percentage germination and seedling emergence. But, the results about the antioxidant enzyme activity and protein concentration was different in three weed species, so that the highest catalase activity was obtained in the Malva neglecta and Amaranthus retroflexus under 24 hours Seed aging treated and 72 and 96 hours seed aging treated on Portulaca oleracea. Overall the results of this study showed that, it was concluded that seed quality of weeds Species was seriously decreased under the aging conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Accelerated aging
  • Antioxidant enzymes
  • Electrical conductivity
  • Germination
  • Seed vigor
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