اثر اسید هومیک، ورمی‌کمپوست و قارچ مایکوریزا بر برخی ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی ماریتیغال تحت تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه باغبانی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

گیاه ماریتیغال یا خارمریم از گیاهان دارویی و یک­ساله­ای است که در نقاط مختلف دنیا رشد می­کند. این گیاه در درمان بیماری­های کبدی و جلوگیری از هپاتیت مورد استفاده قرار می­گیرد. هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثر شوری، اسید هیومیک، ورمی­کمپوست و دو نوع قارچ مایکوریزا بر ویژگی­های گیاه ماریتیغال است. این پژوهش در دو بخش جداگانه به­صورت بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شده است. برای انجام این پژوهش در بخش اول از دو گونه قارچ مایکوریزا شاملGlomus mosseae و Glomus intraradices استفاده شد و شوری در سه سطح 2، 4 و 8 dS/m به تیمارها اعمال شد. همچنین در بخش دوم از چهار سطح اسید هیومیک و سه سطح ورمی­کمپوست و قارچ استفاده شده است. برخی از ویژگی­های مرفولوژیک و چهار آنزیم سوپراکسیددیسموتاز، پراکسیداز، کاتالاز و سلی­بین اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان داده است که با افزایش شوری ویژگی­های گیاه شامل طول ریشه­چه، وزن خشک گیاهچه، درصد جوانه­زنی، طول ساقه­چه کاهش معنی­داری یافته است و مدت زمان لازم برای جوانه­زنی افزایش یافته است. همچنین بیش­ترین درصد جوانه­زنی بذرها تیمار قارچ مایکوریزا Glomus intraradices در شرایط شوری با غلظت dS/m ۲ به­مقدار ۴۵/۹۸ درصد بوده است و کم­ترین مقدار درصد جوانه­زنی نیز مربوط به تیمار قارچ مایکوریزا Glomus mossea در شرایط تنش شوری dS/m ۸ به مقدار ۳۲/۷۰ درصد بوده است. بالاترین فعالیت آنزیم­ها در تیمار 75 درصد ورمی­کمپوست و 75 میلی­گرم بر لیتر اسید هیومیک در شرایط رشد قارچ Glomus intraradices به­دست آمده است. استفاده از قارچ مایکوریزا Glomus mosseae و Glomus intraradices، ورمی­کمپوست و اسید هیومیک سبب بهبود ویژگی­ها (ویژگی­های مورفولوژیک شامل طول ریشه­چه، درصد جوانه­زنی، وزن خشک و طول ساقه­چه و ویژگی­های بیوشیمیایی شامل آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، پراکسیداز، کاتالاز و سلی­بین) در گیاه ماریتیغال شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of Humic acid, Vermicompost and Mycorrhizal fungus on the characteristics of Silybum marianum medicinal plant influenced by salinity stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Ladan Moghadam 1
  • Eisa Ebrahimi 2
1 Department of Horticulture, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran
2 Ph.D Student, Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

Silybum marianum is a one-year lasting medicinal plant which grows around the world. This herb is used to treat liver disease and prevent hepatitis. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of salinity, Humic acid, Vermi-compost and two types of mycorrhizal fungi on the characteristics of Silybum marianum plants. This research is carried out in two phase in a random design and three replications. To do so, two species of mycorrhizal fungi including Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices were used and salinity treatments were applied at 3 levels of 2, 4 and 8 dS/m. In the other part, fungi and four levels of humic acid and three levels of vermicompost have been used. Some morphological characteristics and four enzymes of Superoxide dismutase, Peroxidase, Catalase and Silybin were measured. The results indicate that with increasing salinity, plant characteristics such as root length, seedling dry weight, germinating percentage and stem length decreased significantly and the duration of germination has also increased. Moreover, the highest germination percentage (95.98%) and the lowest one (70.32%) were observed in Glomus intraradices and Glomus mossea under 2 dS/m and 8 dS/m salinity conditions respectively. The highest amount of enzymes was obtained in the treatment of vermicompost (75%) and humic acid (75 mg/l) under growth conditions of Glomus intraradices. It has been observed that the usage of mycorrhizal fungus in species, Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices, has improved plant Silybum marianum characteristics (Morphologic of properties such as root length, seedling, dry matter and shoot length, and biochemistry of properties such as Superoxide dismutase, Peroxidase, Catalase and Silybin).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Organic fertilizer
  • Silybin
  • Silybum marianum
  • Superoxide dismutase

مراجع

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علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران
دوره 7، شماره 1
خرداد 1399
صفحه 93-102

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