تأثیر اسموپرایمینگ، هورمون‌پرایمینگ و هیدروپرایمینگ در افزایش توان جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه بذور زوال‌یافته مینای پرکپه (Tanacetum polycephalum)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد کرج

2 موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تاثیر پیش تیمارهای اسموپرایمینگ بر خصوصیات جوانه­زنی و بنیه بذر گیاه مینای پرکپه ، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با 3 تکرار در سال 1393 در آزمایشگاه تکنولوژی بذر در بانک ژن منابع طبیعی موسسه تحقیقات جنگل­ها و مراتع در شرایط آزمایشگاه انجام گرفت. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل: زوال بذر در 4 سطح: سردخانه پایه (دمای 18-درجه سانتی‌گراد)، سردخانه فعال (دمای4 درجه سانتی‌گراد)، بذرهای پیر شده بصورت مصنوعی (با دمای41 درجه سانتی‌گراد و رطوبت اشباع به مدت 48 ساعت) و بذرهای احیاء شده (شاهد) بودند. فاکتور دوم پرایمینگ بذر در هفت سطح شامل: پرایمینگ اسمزی (با استفاده از پلی­اتیلن گلایکول3/0- مگاپاسکال)، پرایمینگ هورمونی با استفاده از اسید سالیسیلیک و اسید آسکوربیک (هر کدام با دو غلظت 250 و 500 میلیگرم در لبتر)، هیدروپرایمینگ (آب مقطر) و شاهد (بذور پرایم نشده) بودند. صفات جوانه­زنی شامل درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی، شاخص بنیه بذر، طول ریشه­چه و ساقه­چه، طول گیاهچه، وزن تر گیاهچه اندازه‌گیری شدند. اثرات ساده دو فاکتور بر روی کلیه صفات بجز وزن تر گیاهچه و اثرات متقابل پرایمینگ در زوال بذر نیر برای کلیه صفات بجز طول ریشچه و شاخص بنیه بذر در سطح یک درصد معنی‌دار بود. نتایج مقایسه تیمارهای زوال بذر (شرایط نگهداری و پیری زودرس) نشان داد که میانگین طول ریشه‌چه در سردخانه پایه و فعال بترتیب 31/21 ،73/19 میلی‌متر و شاخص بنیه بذر (01/32 و 81/20) بود که نشاندهنده اثرات مثبت دمای پایین در افزایش 8 و 52 درصدی طول ریشچه و بنیه بذر می‌باشد. در مقایسه بین تیمارهای پرایمینگ، نتایج نشان داد که تاثیر تیمارهای اسموپرایمینگ و هیدروپرایمینگ در افزایش میانگین دو صفت مذکور از سایر تیمارها بیشتر بود (P<0.01). نتایج اثرات متقابل نشان داد که در بذرهای پیر شده به روش مصنوعی حداکثر میانگین درصد و سرعت جوانه­زنی با هیدروپرایمینگ و حداکثر میانگین طول ساقچه و طول گیاهچه با اسید اسکوربیک 500 میلیگرم در لبتر بدست آمد

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Osmopriming, Hormonal priming and Hydropriming on the enhancement of aged seed germination and seedling growth of Tansey (Tanacetum polycephalum)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohtaram Zarnoosheh Farahani 1
  • Ali Ashraf Jafari 2
  • Mohammad Ali Alizadeh 2
1 Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch
2 Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland
چکیده [English]

In order to study of Salsalic acid and Ascorbic acid pretreatments on the enhancement of aged seed germination and seedling growth of Tanacetum polycephalum in laboratory condition, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted in seed technology laboratory in research institute of forests and rangeland, Tehran, Iran in 2015. The factors A were seed deterioration in four levels as: seed preservation in basic cold room (-18°C), active cold room (+4°C), aged seeds (by Incubation in saturated humidity and temperature 41°C for 48h), and control. Factor B were seven levels of seed priming as: osmopriming (PEG -0.3Mpa), hormone priming (250 and 500 ppm of Ascorbic acid and Salsilic acid), hydro priming (distilled water) and control. Data were collected for germination traits as percentage and speed of germination, primary root, shoot seedling length, vigor index and seedling fresh weight. Result of analysis of variance showed significant differences between seed deteriorations and seed priming levels for all of traits expect seedling fresh weight (P<0.01) and their interaction effects were significant for all traits except root length and vigor index (P<0.01). Result of seed deterioration treatments showed that the higher root length with average values of 21.31 and 19.73 cm and higher vigor index with average values of 32.01 and 20.81 were obtained in basic and active cold room, respectively, indicating the positive effects of cold temperature on increasing 8 and 52% of latter traits in base store than that for active store. The mean comparisons of priming technique showed that both osmo-(PEG) and hydro priming (distilled water) had significant effects on increasing root length and vigor index. The result of priming by seed deteriorations interactions for aged seed showed that the higher mean values for seed germination and speed of germination were obtained by hydropriming and higher mean values of shoot and seedling length were obtained by hormonal-priming (Ascorbic acid 500 ppm).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Germination
  • Priming
  • aging test Tanacetum polycephalum
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