اثر هورمون‌پرایمینگ و زوال بذر بر ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی و فعالیت آنزیم‌ های‌ آنتی‌اکسیدانت در بذور ارقام ذرت (Zea mays L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ،دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

زوال بذر ‌یکی از عوامل کاهش­دهنده بنیه و محدودکننده جوانه‌زنی در ‌بذر می‌باشد. شناسایی عوامل تاثیرگذار بر زوال بذر بسیار با اهمیت است. به­منظور بررسی اثر هورمون­های گیاهی بر ویژگی­های جوانه­زنی و فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی­اکسیدانت بذور فرسوده ذرت آزمایشی در سال 1394 در آزمایشگاه بذر گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده علوم زراعی و دامی دانشگاه تهران انجام گرفت. این تحقیق به­صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل عامل رقم در دو سطح (رقم 704و 260)، عامل پیری زودرس در 4 سطح (0، 5، 10 و 15 روز) و عامل هورمون در دو سطح (هورمون جیبرلین و هورمون سیتوکینین) بودند. زوال بذر سبب کاهش شاخص­های جوانه­زنی و کاهش فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی­اکسیدانت پراکسیداز و کاتالاز شد. تیمار بذرهای زوال­یافته با هورمون­های سیتوکینین و جیبرلین سبب افزایش فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی­اکسیدانت شد. هورمون سیتوکینین نسبت به هورمون جیبرلین اثر بیش­تری بر افزایش فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی­اکسیدانت در بذرهای زوال­یافته داشت. نتایج نشان داد که بنیه ضعیف بذر سبب کاهش فعالیت آنزیم­ها می­شود و هورمون­های گیاهی به­عنوان یک رهیافت زراعی سبب جبران خسارت در بذرهای با بنیه پایین ‌استفاده می­شوند. رقم 704 با بنیه بالاتر فعالیت آنزیمی بیش­تری را نسبت به رقم 260 نشان ‌داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of hormone priming and deterioration of seed germination characteristics and antioxidant enzymes activity in corn cultivars seed (Zea mays L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeideh Rashidi 1
  • Hamid Abbasdokht 1
  • Ahmad Gholami 1
  • Reza TavakkolAfshari 2
1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Polytechnic University of Shahrood
2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding,Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده [English]

Deterioration of seed is one of the vigor reducer factors and germination limiting. An evaluation effective factors on seed deterioration is important. In order to determine the effect plant hormones on germination characteristics and antioxidant enzymes activity corn deteriorated seed the experiment was carried out at seed and biotechnology laboratories of College of Agriculture, Tehran University in 2015.This exam was designed with a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. The experiment treatment include varieties factor at 2 levels (704 single cross hybrid and 260 single cross hybrid), accelerated aging factor at 4 levels (0,5,10,15 day) and hormone factor at 2 levels (gibberellin hormone and cytokinin hormone). Seed deterioration  reduces germination indexes and reduces peroxidase and catalase enzymes activity.Treatments deterioraterd seeds with cytokinin and gibberellin increased antioxidant enzymes activity. The cytokinin hormone was more effective than gibberellin hormone in increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in deteriorated seeds. The results indicated seed aging decrease the activity of enzymes and plant hormones to tittle agronomy achievement reduced damage recovery using  low vigor seeds. 704 cultivar, with a higher vigor indicated amore enzyme activity than 260 cultivar.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant enzymes
  • Corn
  • Cytokinin
  • Gibberellin
  • Seed aging
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