اثر پیش‎تیمار اسید سالیسیلیک و نیترات پتاسیم بر افزایش بردباری آفتاب‌گردان در خاک‌های آلوده به کادمیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شهرکرد

2 دانشگاه شهر کرد

3 دانشگاه ارومیه

4 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی درود

چکیده

در خاک­های آلوده به فلزات سنگین استقرار ضعیف گیاه و در نتیجه کاهش زیست‎توده آن، کارآیی گیاه­پالایی را کاهش می‎دهد. در این پژوهش، اثر پیش‎تیمار بذر آفتاب­گردان با اسید سالیسیلیک (100 میلی‎گرم در لیتر) و نیترات پتاسیم (2 درصد) بر افزایش بردباری این گیاه تحت غلظت­‏های مختلف کادمیم (صفر، 50 و 100 میلی­گرم کادمیم بر کیلوگرم خاک) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که به­طورکلی وزن خشک ریشه، وزن خشک ساقه، وزن خشک برگ، کلروفیل a و کلروفیل b در پاسخ به افزایش غلظت کادمیم در خاک کاهش و میزان کاروتنوئید، پرولین و نشت الکترولیتی افزایش یافت. پرایمینگ بذر با اسید سالیسیلیک و نیترات پتاسیم اثر منفی آلودگی خاک با کادمیم بر پارامترهای مذکور را بهبود داد. تاثیر پرایمینگ بذر با سالسیلیک اسید و نیترات پتاسیم بر صفات مورد بررسی متفاوت بود. تحت تنش کادمیم، نیترات پتاسیم باعث افزایش وزن خشک ساقه، وزن خشک برگ، کلرفیل a، غلظت کادمیم اندام هوایی و فاکتور انتقال شد اما اسید سالیسیلیک موجب افزایش وزن خشک ریشه، کلرفیلb  و غلظت کادمیم ریشه گردید. در سمی­ترین غلظت کادمیم، میزان نشت الکترولیتی و پرولین توسط تیمار اسید سالیسیلیک به­ترتیب 18 و 22 درصد کاهش یافت. به­طورکلی نتیجه‎گیری می‎­شود که کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک و نیترات پتاسیم با افزایش میزان رنگدانه‎های فتوسنتزی و پرولین و کاهش میزان نشت الکترولیتی بردباری آفتاب­گردان را در خاک­های آلوده به کادمیم افزایش می‎دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate pretreatment on enhancing the sunflower tolerance in contaminated soils with cadmium

نویسندگان [English]

  • Najmeh Eftekhar 1
  • Seif Allah Fallah 2
  • Ali Abbasi Sooraki 2
  • Habib Khodaverdiloo 3
  • Akram Rahimi 4
1 University of Shahre Kord
2 University of Shahre Kord
3 University of Urmia
4 Islamic Azad university of Doroud
چکیده [English]

In the contaminated soils, the poor plant establishment and reduction in  plant biomass will reduce the efficiency of phytoremediation. In this study the effect of sunflower seed pretreatment with salicylic acid (100 mg/L) and potassium nitrate (2%) on its enhancing tolerance under different concentrations of cadmium (0, 50 and 100 mg/kg) were evaluated. Results showed that increasing of cadmium concentration significantly reduced the root dry weight, stem dry weight and leaf dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and increased carotenoids, proline content and electrolyte leakage. Seed priming with salicylic acid and potassium nitrate improved the damage effect of contaminated soil with cadmium on mentioned parameters. Under cadmium stress, potassium nitrate increased stem dry weight, leaf dry weight, chlorophyll a, aboveground cadmium concentration, and translocation factor. However, salicylic acid increased root dry weight, chlorophyll b and root cadmium concentration. Under highest concentration of cadmium, electrolyte leakage and proline content were reduced by salicylic acid (by 18%, 22%, respectively). In general it can be concluded that salicylic acid and potassium nitrate with increasing photosynthesis pigments and proline content and reducing electrolyte leakage increased of sunflower tolerance in contaminated soils with cadmium

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phytoremediation
  • photosynthesis
  • Heavy metal
  • Electrolyte leakage
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