اثر محیط رشد پایه مادری بر بنیه بذر جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) پس از انبارداری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه شاهد

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی اثر محیط رشد پایه مادری بر استقرار گیاهچه و بنیه بذرهای جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) رقم ترکمن، پس از انبارداری طبیعی، آزمایش مزرعه­ای به­صورت طرح آماری بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با دو فاکتور و سه تکرار اجرا گردید. تیمار­های رطوبتی شامل: آبیاری کامل، تنش متوسط (قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی) و تنش شدید (قطع آبیاری از گلدهی تا برداشت)، و تیمارهای کودی شامل شاهد (بدون کود)، کود زیستی، کود ورمی کمپوست، کود شیمیایی، تلفیقی از کود زیستی با شیمیایی و کود ورمی کمپوست با شیمیایی بود که بر پایه مادری اعمال شد. بنیه بذر پس از پنج سال انبارداری طبیعی با استفاده از آزمون‌های بنیه و هدایت الکتریکی اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد انبارداری، درصد ظهور گیاهچه در مزرعه را کاهش داد. درصد ظهور گیاهچه در بذرهایی که تحت تنش خشکی تولید شدند پس از انبارداری کاهش یافت. درحالی­که گیاهانی که تحت تنش کم‌آبی متوسط رشد کردند و کود تلفیقی ورمی کمپوست به همراه کود شیمیایی دریافت کرده بودند در زمان کم (25/8 روز) بیش­ترین درصد ظهور گیاهچه در مزرعه (8/99) را داشتند، با این حال نتایج بنیه بذر و استقرار گیاهچه قبل و بعد از انبارداری نشان داد که جوانه زنی توده­های بذری که تلفیقی از کود شیمیایی و زیستی دریافت کردند و تحت تنش کم­آبی متوسط و شدید رشد کردند در طی انبارداری کاهش نیافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of maternal plant growth environment of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seed vigore after warehouse storage

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nasrin Sadat Eisanezhad
  • Saeideh Maleki Farahani
  • AliReza Rezazadeh
Shahed University
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effect of maternal plant growth environment on the establishment and seed vigor of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv.Torkaman) after the warehouse storage, an experiment was conducted factorial y based on complete randomized block design in three replications. The irrigation treatments, included full irrigation, moderate stress (witholding flowering stage) and severe stress (witholding from flowering to harvest), and fertilizer treatments includedcontrol (without fertilizer), bio-fertilizer, organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, combination of bio-fertilizer with the chemical fertilizer and combination of organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizers. Seed vigor were measured after five years storage. The drought stress imposed on the mother plant reduced the seedling field emergence after storage, while the plants under moderate drought stress which received the integrated fertilizing system of vermicompost and chemicalfertilizer , in short time (8.25) had the highest seedling field emergence (99.8), although results of the seed vigor and seedling establishment  befor and after storage indicated that germination of the seeds which recieved biological fertilizer alongwith  chemical and grew under mild and severe water stress did not reduce after storage.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Storage
  • Drought stress
  • Integrated fertilizer
  • Barley seed
  • Establishment
Aghaei, P., Gharachorlou, A. and Nasrollahzadeh, S. 2014. Changes in seed vigour of Dragon’shead (Lallemantia iberica Fish. et Mey.) under irrigation and plant density treatments. Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 4(6): 1-7. (Journal)
Alyvand, R., Tavakkolafshar, R. and Sharif-Zadeh, F. 2013. Study of canola seed germination and seed deterioration during the predicted storage conditions. Crop Science, 44 (1): 83-69. (In Persian) (Journal)
Alyvand, R., Tavakol Afshar, R. and Sharif Zadeh, F. 2011. Effect of gibberellin, Salyslyk acid and ascorbic acid on seed germination characteristics of of canola deterioration. Crop Science, 43 (4): 571-561. (In Persian)(Journal)
Ansari Juveini, M., Chaichi., M.R. and Ehteshami, S.M.R. 2012. Effects of irrigation and phosphorus fertilizers on the quantity and quality of grain sorghum cultivars (Kimiya and Sepideh). Seed and Crop, 43(3): 421-435. (In Persian)(Journal)
Atarodi, R., Iran-Nezhad, H., Shirani Rad, H., Amiri, R. and Akbari, Gh. 2011. Effects of water stress and rootstock on vigor and seedling emergence of planting date on seed production of canola (Brassica napus) varieties. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 42(2): 71-80. (In Persian)(Journal)
Babaeian, M., Ismailiyan, A., Ghanbari, A. and Ahmadian, A. 2009. The effect of different levels of manure and chemical characteristics of quantitative and qualitative terminal drought stress on growth of barley. Agricultural Sciences, 3(12): 39-27. (In Persian)(Journal)
Fenner, M. 2000. Seed: The ecology of regeneration in plant communities. CAB International, 410-480. (Book)
Fougerex, J.A., Dore, T., Ladonne, F. and Fleury Andre, E. 1997. Water stress during reproductive stages affects seed quality and yield of Pea (Pisum sativum L.). Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 37(1): 1247-1252. (Journal)
Ghaderi-Far, A., Soltani, A. and Sadeghipour, H.R. 2010. Determination of seed viability constants in medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L. subsp. Pepo. Convar. Pepo var. styriaca Greb), borago (Borago officinalis L.) and black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Plant Production, 17(3): 53-66. (In Persian)(Journal)
International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). 2010. International Rules for Seed Testing. Bassersdorf, Switzerland. (HandBook)
Isvand, H.R., Tavakkolafshari, R., Sharif-Zadeh, F., Madah Arefi, H. and Hussam Zaade Hejazi, S.M. 2008. To improve the quality physiological deterioration in tall wheat grass seeds (Agropyron elengatum Host) using hormonal priming for stress and non-stress conditions. Iranian Crop Science, 39 (1): 65-53. (In Persian)(Journal)
Izadkhah, M., Tajbakhsh, M. and Hasnzade, A. 2012. Investigation effects of seed vigor on grain yield, seedling and some seed characteristics in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 96(1): 37-48. (In Persian)(Journal)
Maleki Farahani, S. and Chaichi. MR. 2012. Barley seed storability as affected by water deficit and fertilizing during seed development. International Journal of Agriculture, 2(3): 115-124. (In Persian)(Journal)
Maleki Farahani, S., Mazaheri, D., Chaichi, M.R., Tavakkol Afshari, R. and Savaghebi. G. 2010. Effect of seed vigour on stress tolerance of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seed at germination stage. Seed Science and Technology, 38: 494-507. (Journal)
Mandany, F., Riahi Nia, Sh. and Khajeh Hosseini, D. 2011. The effect of storage time and size of seed germination and seed vigor traits of different wheat varieties. Seed Science and Technology, 2(1): 14-24. (In Persian)(Journal)
Moniem, A., Naguib, M., El-Baz, F., Salama, Z., Abd El Baky, H., Ali, H. and Gaafar. A. 2012. Enhancement of phenolics, flavonoids and glucosinolates of Broccoli (Brassica olaracea, var. Italica) as antioxidants in response to organic and bio-organic fertilizers.. Society of Agricultural Sciences, 11: 135–142. (Journal)
Mottaghi, S., Najafi Noori, M., Hamidi, A., Shirani Rad, A. and Qushchi, P. 2011. The impact of late planting native plants on the vigor of spring varieties of canola (Brassica napus L.) with standard germination test. Seed Science and Technology, 1(2): 147-158. (In Persian)(Journal)
Nikkhah, H.R., Saberi, M.H. and Mahlouji, M. 2010. Study of effective traits on grain yield of two and six row barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) under terminal drought stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 12(2): 170-184. (In Persian)(Journal)
Oskoee, B., Divsalar, M., Yari, l. and Zare'ian, A. 2013. Effect on vigor packing of canola stored in Qom, Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology, 2(10 ): 72-65. (In Persian)(Journal)
Peirasteh Anousheh, E., Imam, Y. and Jamali Ramin, F. 2010. Comparison of bio-fertilizers and chemical fertilizers on the growth, yield and oil content of sunflower (Helianthus annuss L.) at different levels of drought stress. Ecological Agriculture, 2(3): 492-501. (In Persian)(Journal)
Ramamoorthy, K. and Basu. R.N. 1996. Studies on the effect of moisture stress at different growth phases on seed vigour, viability and storability in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Agronomy and Crop Science, 177(5): 33-37. (Journal)
Rashno, M., Tahmasbi Sarvestani, G., Heidari Sharif, D., modares Sanavi, S. and Tavakol Afshari, A. 2012. Response vigor and hard seeds of two species of annual medics drought and foliar micronutrients iron and zinc. Crop Science, 44(1): 129-146. (In Persian)(Journal)
Sadeghi, H., Sharafi zadeh, M. and Heidari Sharif abad, H. 2009. Evaluation of canola seed vigor and quality of water harvesting. Agronomic Science, 2(4): 115-105. (In Persian)(Journal)
Sajan, A.S., Pawar, K.N., Dhanaleppagol, M.S. and Briadar, B.D. 2004. Influence of water stress treatment on seed quality of sorghum genotypes. Crop Research, 27(1): 46-49. (Journal)
Schwember, A. and Bradford, K. 2010. Quantitative trait loci associated with longevity of lettuce seeds under conventional and controlled deterioration storage conditions. Experimental Botany, 61(15): 4423–4436. (Journal)
Seghatoleslami, M., Kafi, J.M. and Majidi, E. 2008. Effect of drought strees on different growth stages on yield and water use efficiency of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum ) genotypes. Botany, 40(4): 1427-1432. (In Persian)(Journal)
Siousemorde, E., Fateh, H. and Badekhshan, H. 2014. Speed response of photosynthesis, membrane stability and antioxidant enzymes of drought stress and fertilizer in two varieties (Hordeum vulgare) under controlled condition.­ Field Crops Research, 12(2): 215-228. (In Persian)(Journal)
Vaezi, B. and Ahmadi, J. 2009. Effects of genotype × environment interaction and stability of advanced lines of barley under rainfed conditions. Crop Science, 41(2): 402-395. (In Persian)(Journal)
Zamani, A., Sadat Nori, S.A., Tavakol Afshari, R., Iran-Nezhad, H., Akbari, Gh. and Tavakoli, A. 2010. Evaluation of lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes in safflower seed under natural and artificial aging conditions. Crop Science, 41(3): 554-545. (In Persian)(Journal)