اثر دگرآسیبی عصاره آبی گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius)بر جوانه‌زنی، رشد گیاهچه و فعالیت‌های آنزیمی علف هرز یولاف وحشی(Avena fatua) و سوروف (Echinochloa crus-galli)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

واحد شوشتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شوشتر، ایران

چکیده

این آزمایش به منظور بررسی اثر دگرآسیبی عصاره آبی گلرنگ بر جوانه‌زنی و فعالیت برخی آنزیم‌های حیاتی دو علف هرز یولاف وحشی و سوروف انجام شد. اثر غلظت‌های عصاره گلرنگ (صفر، 10، 20، 30 و 40 درصد) در دو آزمایش جداگانه هر یک به صورت طرح کاملآ تصادفی و پنج تکرار بر ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر یولاف وحشی و سوروف مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که در غلظت‌های 30 و 40 درصد عصاره آبی گلرنگ، جوانه‌زنی یولاف وحشی به ترتیب 3/33 و 6/46 درصد بود و در مقایسه با شاهد (3/93 درصد) به طور معنی‌دار کاهش یافت، درحالی‌که جوانه‌زنی بذر سوروف در این دو تیمار در حدود 30 درصد در مقایسه با شاهد کاهش یافت. عصاره گلرنگ سبب کاهش فعالیت آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز در بذر سوروف شد. میزان فعالیت آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز گیاهچه سوروف و یولاف وحشی در تیمار عصاره 40 درصد گلرنگ به ترتیب به میزان 2/2 و 9/1 نانومول بر میلی گرم پروتئین در دقیقه بود. افزایش غلظت عصاره گلرنگ باعث تخریب غشای سلولی، افزایش سطح اسید چرب آزاد و کاهش میزان فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز گیاهچه سوروف شد. بطور کلی، ترکیبات دگرآسیب موجود در عصاره آبی گلرنگ از طریق کاهش فعالیت آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز و افزایش پراکسیداسیون چربی‌های غشا موجب کاهش میزان و سرعت جوانه‌زنی گیاهچه سوروف و یولاف وحشی شد. جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه یولاف وحشی در مقایسه با سوروف از حساسیت بیشتری به عصاره گلرنگ برخوردار بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of safflower aqueous extracts (Carthamus tinctorius) on germination, seedling growth and enzymes activity of wild oat (Avena fatua) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Adel Modhej
  • Roozbeh Farhoodi
  • Azam Gholizadeh
Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effect of safflower aqueous extracts on seedling growth and enzymes activity of wild oat and barnyard grass, this experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replications in 2 separated experiments. Effect of different concentrations of safflower extracts (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%) were examined on seed germination characters of wild oat and barnyard grass weeds. The results showed that in the concentrations of 30 and 40% of safflower aquatic extract, wild oat germination was 33.3% and 46.6%, respectively, and significantly decreased in comparison with control (93.3%). While, under 30 and 40% concentrations, barnyard grass germination was 30% lower than control treatment. Safflower extract reduced the activity of α-amylase enzymes in barnyard grass seeds. The activity level of α-amylase enzymes and wild oat seedlings in the treatment of 40% safflower extract was 2.2 and 1.9 nmol / g protein / min, respectively. Increasing the concentration of safflower extract resulted in degradation of cell membranes, increased free fatty acid levels, and decreased activity of barnyard grass catalase enzymes. In general, the allelopathic compounds in the aqueous extract of safflower reduced the amount and speed of germination of wild grasshoppers and wild oat by reducing the activity of α-amylase enzyme and increasing the peroxidation of membrane fats. Germination and seedling growth of wild oat compared to barnyard grass were more susceptible to safflower extract.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • allelopathy
  • α-amylase
  • fatty acid
  • germination percentage
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