تأثیر پرایمینگ و مدت زمان ماندگاری بذر بر خصوصیات جوانه زنی و عملکرد ذرت سینگل کراس 260 (فجر)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه ارومیه

2 دانشگاه کردستان

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی اثرات پرایمینگ بذر و مدت زمان ماندگاری بر روی خصوصیات جوانه زنی و عملکرد ذرت، دو مطالعه جداگانه در شرایط آزمایشگاه و مزرعه انجام شد. آزمایش اول، تأثیر شش تیمار پرایمینگ (پرایمینگ با آب معمولی، هومیوپاتی اوره، سولفات روی، آب مغناطیسی، آمینول فورته و بذرهای پرایم­نشده) و شش مدت زمان ماندگاری بذر (بدون ماندگاری، ماندگاری به مدت یک، دو، سه، چهار و پنج هفته) بر خصوصیات جوانه زنی ذرت سینگل کراس 260 (هیبرید فجر) در سال 1392 در آزمایشگاه تکنولوژی بذر دانشکدة کشاورزی دانشگاه کردستان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در آزمایش دوم، اثر پرایمینگ بر عملکرد هیبرید فجر طی سال های 1392 لغایت 1394 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه کردستان مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش مدت زمان ماندگاری شاخص های جوانه زنی نظیر درصد و سرعت جوانه زنی و شاخص بنیه گیاهچه به طور معنی­داری کاهش یافت. میزان کاهش این صفات بعد از شش هفته ماندگاری به­ترتیب حدود 20، 24 و 77 درصد نسبت به تیمار بدون ماندگاری بود. از طرف دیگر تیمارهای پرایمینگ تأثیری بر درصد جوانه زنی نداشتند، ولی در مقابل تیمارهای پرایمینگ آب معمولی، هومیوپاتی اوره، سولفات روی و آب مغناطیسی به­طور معنی داری باعث افزایش سرعت جوانه زنی، طول گیاهچه به­ترتیب به میزان 14 و 155 درصد شدند. همچنین نتایج آزمایش مزرعه ای بیانگر تأثیر تیمارهای پرایمینگ فوق بر عملکرد در تمامی سال های مورد بررسی بود. میزان افزایش عملکرد دانه در تیمارهای پرایمینگ نسبت به تیمار شاهد حدود 12 درصد بود. بر اساس نتایج حاصله، پرایمینگ بذر نسبت به عدم پرایمینگ دارای برتری است که در این میان تیمار آب معمولی دارای بیشترین تأثیر بود. همچنین پس از پرایمینگ بذور هر چه سریع­تر بایستی نسبت به کاشت اقدام شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Seed Priming and Durability on Germination characteristics and Yield in Maize Cultivar S.C 260 (Fajr)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Keyvan Babaei 1
  • Mehdi Tajbakhsh 1
  • Adel Siosemardeh 2
1 University of Urmia
2 University of Kordestan
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effects of seed priming and durability on the germination and yield of corn, two separate studies were conducted in laboratory and field conditions. The first experiment, the effect of six priming treatments (priming with tap water, homeopathic urea, zinc sulphate, magnetic water, Aminol Forte and untreated seeds) and Durability of six seed (without lasting, lasting for one, two, three, four, five weeks) On germination characteristics of maize single cross 260 (hybrid Fajr) in 1392 in seed technology laboratory Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan were studied. In a second experiment, the effect of priming the hybrid Fajr yield during the years 1392 till 1394 were evaluated in Kurdistan University Research Farm. The results showed that by increasing the Durability of characteristics such as germination percentage and speed of germination and seedling vigor index decreased significantly. The reduction of these traits after six weeks, the durability approximately 20, 24 and 77 percent respectively compared to those with no durability. On the other hand priming treatments had no significant effect on germination percentage, but in contrast to tap water, homeopathic urea, zinc and magnetic water priming treatments significantly increases the speed of germination, seedling length, by 14 and 155%, respectively. The results of field experiments show the effect of the above priming treatments were evaluated on yield in all years. Amount of grain yield increased about 12 percent compared to control priming treatments. According to the results, seed priming than no priming has priority that among these tap water treatment has the greatest impact. Also after priming seeds of the plant should act as soon as possible.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aminol Forte
  • Zinc sulphate
  • Germination rate
  • Seedling vigor index
  • Yield
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