اثر عمق کاشت و پرایمینگ بذر بر پارامترهای سبز شدن و رشد اولیه گیاهچه عدس (Lens Culinaris L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 Gonbad University - Gonbad- Golestan Province - IRAN P.O. Box: 4971799151

2 دانشگاه گنبد

3 دانشگاه گنبد کاووس

4 هیات علمی دانشگاه گنبد کاووس

چکیده

از دلایل پایین بودن عملکرد عدس در کشور می‌توان به کیفیت پایین گیاهچه‌های تولیدی، ظرفیت پایین جوانه‌زنی و سبزشدن و استقرار نامطلوب گیاهچه اشاره کرد. از این‌رو، پرایمینگ و عمق مناسب کشت بذر یکی از روش‌های مهم توانمندسازی بذر است. این آزمایش در بهمن ماه سال 1393 در گلخانه تحقیقاتی روباز دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه گنبد کاووس انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. عامل اول شامل پیش تیمار بذور عدس با اسید جیبرلیک در غلظت‌های شاهد (بذر خشک)، هیدروپرایم (آب مقطر)، جیبرلین 50 و 100 پی‌پی‌ام و عامل دیگر 15 عمق مختلف کاشت از صفر تا 14 سانتی‌متر بود. نتایج به‌دست آمده نشان داد که اثرات اصلی هیدروپرایمینگ و عمق کاشت بر روی صفات مورد مطالعه معنی‌دار بودند، در حالی‌که اثر متقابل بین تیمارها معنی دار نبود. مقایسه میانگین تیمارها  نشان داد که بالاترین طول ساقه­چه، سرعت و درصد جوانه­زنی حاصل از کاربرد تیمار اسید جیبرلیک با غلظت 100 پی‌پی‌ام بود. درحالی­که بیشترین مقدار سطح برگ، وزن خشک ساقه­چه، برگچه و گیاهچه با کاربرد اسید جیبرلیک در غلظت ppm 50 مشاهده شد. رابطه سرعت و درصد سبز شدن با عمق کاشت یک رابطه خطی منفی بود به­گونه‌ای که با افزایش عمق کاشت از یک سانتی‌متر به بعد سرعت سبز شدن و درصد سبز شدن به­ترتیب با 0016/0 بذر در ساعت و 01/4 درصد کاهش نشان داد. هم­چنین رابطه رگرسیونی بین پارامترهای رشد گیاهچه بـا عمق کاشت از نوع خطی درجه 2 بـود که بین 81 تا 87 درصد تغییرات در این صفات را توجیه کرد. در نهایت نتایج نشان داد که در شرایط مطلوب عمق 5/2 تا 3 سانتی‌متر برای کشت عدس مناسب است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of planting depth and seed priming on emergence and early seedling growth parameters of lentil (lens culinaris L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abbas Biabani 1
  • Ali Rahemi 2
  • Mohsen Azarnia 3
  • Ali Nakhzari 4
  • Masoumeh Naeimi 3
  • saeid safikhani 3
1 Gonbad University - Gonbad- Golestan Province - IRAN P.O. Box: 4971799151
چکیده [English]

The reasons for the low lentil yield in Iran can be mentioned to low quality of seedling, low capacity germination, emergence and poor seedling establishment. Thus, priming and seed planting depth are important methods of empowerment of seed. This experiment as a factorial in randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in outdoor greenhouse ofGonbad Kavous University (Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources) in February 2015. The treatments were included priming with 4 levels (control, hydropriming, GA 50 ppm, GA 100 ppm) and 15 different planting depths (from zero to 14 cm). The results showed the effects of hydropriming and different planting depths were significant, meanwhile interaction effects were not observed significantly on the traits. Mean comparison showed that the highest plumule length, germination rate and percentage were obtained from GA treatment with concentration of 100 ppm. The highest dry weight plumule, leaflet, seedling and leaf area were observed in GA treatment with concentration of 50 ppm. Relationship rate and emergence percent were negative line with planting depth, thus with increasing of planting depth were caused rate and emergence percent decreased by 0.0016 seed per hours and 4.01 percentage, respectively. Moreover the regression relationship between seedling growth parameters with planting depth was quadratic function that be proved variable percentage between 81 to 87 percentage in studied characteristics. Totally the optimal sowing depth was 3-2.5 cm in lentil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Lentil
  • Seed
  • Seed vigor
  • Sowing depth
  • Time to 50% emergence

مراجع

Agah, F. and Nabavi Kalat, S. M. 2013. Study on the effects of priming on improving the germination indices of lentil (Lens culinaris Melik.) seeds under salt stress. Seed Research (Journal of Seed Science and Technology. 3 (2): 53-61. (In Persian) (Journal)
Ahmadian, K. Mir-Mahmoodi, T. and Yazdanseta. S. 2015. Effect of seed priming on morpho-physiological traits of wheat in drought stress conditions. International Journal of Biosciences. 6 (1): 90-97. (In Persian) (Journal)
Ansari, O. and Sharif-Zadeh, F. 2012. Does gibberelic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA) and ascorbic acid (ASc) improve mountain Rye (Secale montanum) seeds germination and seedlings growth under cold stress. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences. 3 (8): 1651 -1657. (In Persian) (Journal)
Asadi Aghbolaghi, M. and Sedghi, M. 2014. The Effect of osmo and hormone priming on germination and seed reserve utilization of millet seeds under drought stress. Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry, 10(1): 214-221 ISSN 1997-0838. (In Persian) (Journal)
Asgharpour, M. R. 2011. Effects of planting depth on germination and the emergence of field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.). Asian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 3(6): 459-461. (In Persian) (Journal)
Azarnia, M. and Eisvand, H. R. 2013 (a). Effects of hydro and hormonal priming on yield and yield components of chickpea in irrigated and rain-fed conditions. Electronic Journal of plant production. 6 (4): 1-18. (In Persian) (Journal)
Azarnia, M. and Eisvand, H. R. 2013 (b). Priming is a method for improve seed quality for increase growth and yield crop. Research Achievements for Field and Horticulture Crops. 2(4): 277-287. (In Persian) (Journal)
Azarnia, M., Biabani, A., Eisvand, H. R. and Gholamalipour Alamdari, E. 2016. Study on the effect of mycorrhizal inoculation and seed priming on root and aerial part characteristics of lentil. Journal of Plant Production Research, 22 (3): 27-53. (In Persian).
Azarnia, M., Biabani, A., Gholizadeh, A., Eisvand, H. R. and Gholamalipour Alamdari, E. 2016. Effect of mycorrhizal inoculation and grain priming on some quantity and quality properties of lentil (Lens culinaris L.). Journal of Water and Soil, 30 (3): 817-828. (In Persian).
Balouchi, H. and Ahmadpour Dehkordi, S. 2015. Effect of priming types on germination of nigella sativa under osmotic stress. South Western Journal of Horticulture, Biology and Environment, 6 (1): 1-20.
Biabani,A., Azarnia, M., Sabouri, H. and Gholamalipour Alamdari, E. 2014. The study of per-treatment lentil seeds with salicylic acid and planting different depths on the emergence traits and analysis some of the primary and secondary metabolites. The Final Report of The Research Project, Gonbad Kavoos University, 45 pages. (In Persian).
Desbiolles, J. 2002. Optimizing Seedling Depth in the Paddock. Retrieved from: http://www.unisa.edu.au/amrdc/Areas/Proj/SeedTrials/Seedingdeptharticleker rb ee.pdf.
Eisvand, H. R., Azarnia, M., Nazarian Firozabadi, F. and Sharafi, R. 2011. Effect of Priming by gibberllin and abcsisic acid on emergence and some seedling physiological characters of chikpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under dry and irrigated conditions Iranian Journal of Field Crop Sciences. 42(4): 789-797. (In Persian) (Journal)
Eisvand, H. R., Doosti, A., Majnounhosseini, N. and Pour Babaie, A. 2014. Effects of PGPR bacteria and seed ageing on improving common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield and yield components. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Sciences. 45 (2): 277-285. (In Persian) (Journal)
Elgailani, A., Abdelrahman, A., Osman, K., Mahmoud, A., Maki, l., Fadlalmaola, M., Nur Salah, B. A., and Aune, J. B. 2015. The response of sorghum, groundnut, sesame, and cowpea to seed priming and fertilizer micro-dosing in south kordofan state, Sudan. Agronomy. 5: 476-490. (Journal)
El-Tayeb, M. A. 2005. Response of barley grains to the interactive effect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation. 45: 215-225. (Journal)
Eskandari, A. 2008. The study of planting depth on three barley (Hordeum vulgaris L.) cultivars on Maraghe. Seed and Plant Journal. 23. (In Persian) (Journal)
Food and Agriculture Organization. 2013. Statistics: FAOSTAT agriculture. Retrieved June 10, 2015. from http://fao.org/crop/statistics.
Farahmand far, E. Bagheri Shirvan, M. Azimi Sooran, S. Hoseinzadeh, D. 2013. Effect of seed priming on morphological and physiological parameters of fenugreek seedlings under salt stress. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Science. 5(8): 811-815. (Journal)
 
Ghassemi-Golezani, K., Aliloo, AA. Valizadeh, M. and Moghaddam, M. 2008a. Effects of hydro and osmo-priming on seed germination and field emergence of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 36 (1), 29-33. (Journal)
Ghassemi-Golezani, K., Aliloo, AA. Valizadeh, M. and Moghaddam, M. 2008b. Effects of different priming techniques on seed invigoration and seedling establishment of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik). Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment. 6(2):222-226. (Journal)
Ghoreyshizadeh, M. Mirshekari, B. 2015 Seed priming with gibberellic acid and kinetin has a major role in speedy germination and vigorous performance of bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia). International Journal of Biosciences. 6 (5): 202-208. (Journal)
Laal, N., MirMahmoodi, T. and Khaliliaqda, N. 2015. Effect of hydro-priming and hormonal priming on germination traits of chickpea cultivars. Biological Forum – An International Journal. 7(1): 1693-1697. (Journal)
Mahdi, L., Bell, C.J. and Ryan, J. 1998. Establishment and yield of wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) after early sowing at various depths in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment. Field Crops Research. 58:187-196. (Journal)
Mohammadi, L., and Shekari, F. 2015. Examination the effects of hydro-priming and priming by salicylic acid on lentil aged seeds. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences. 8 (3): 420-426. (In Persian) (Journal)
Pakbaz, N. Mehrshad, B. Ashraf Mehrabi, A. and Hatami, A. 2014. Effect of seed priming on growth and yield of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes under rainfed and supplemental irrigation conditions. Inter. Journal of Biologic-Science. 5:9. 131-139. (Journal)
Parsa, M. and Bagheri, A. 2008. Pulses. Jihad-e Daneshgahi Mashhad Publisher. (In Persian).
Rao, S.K. 1981. Influence of seed size on field germination, seedling vigor, yield and quality in self-pollinated crops: A. Review. Agric. Rev. 2(2), 95-101. (Journal)
Roy, J., Biswas, P. K., Ali, M. H. and Rahman, A. 2011.  Effect of sowing depth and population density on yield attributes and yield of wheat. Technical Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 1(4):125-133. (Journal)
SAS Institute Inc, 1989. SAS User’ guide: Statics, version 9, 4th editions, SAS Inst. Inc. Cary, N.C.
Seyyedi, S.M. Khajeh-Hosseini, M. Rezvani Moghaddam, P. and Shahandeh, H. 2015. Effects of phosphorus and seed priming on seed vigor, fatty acids composition and heterotrophic seedling growth of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) grown in a calcareous soil. Industrial Crops and Products. 74 (2015) 939–949.
Sharma, A.D. Thakur, M. Rana Singh, K. 2004. Effect of plant growth hormones and abiotic stresses on germination, growth and phosphates activities in (Sorghum bicolor L.) Moench seeds. African Journal of Biotechnology. 3 (6): 308-312. (Journal)
Soltani, A., and Yazdi, V. 2010. Program applications for education and research in agriculture. Niac Publisher. P.32. (Book)
Tabatabaei. S.A. 2014. The effect halo-and hydro-priming on seed reserve utilization and seed germination of wheat seeds under salinity stress. Cercetări Agronomice în Moldova, 5(3): 39-45. Cercetări Agronomice în Moldova
Yagmur, M. and Kaydan, D. 2009. The effects of different sowing depth on grain yield and some grain yield components in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars under dry land conditions. African Journal of Biotechnology. 8 (2): 196-201.  (In Persian) (Journal)
Yousefi, M., Soltani, A., Zeinali, E. and Sarparast, R. 2007. Effect of temperature and sowing depth on emergence of chickpea. Journal Agriculture Science Natural Resource. 13(2), Feb - Mar 2007 Special issue.
علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران
دوره 5، شماره 4
دی 1397
صفحه 99-109

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار