گروه ‏بندی ارقام گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) بر اساس خصوصیات مورفو – فیزیولوژیک تحت شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد واحد اهواز

2 عضو هیات علمی واحد شوشتر

3 عضو هیات علمی واحد اهواز

چکیده

شوری یکی از مهم‏ترین تنش‏های محیطی است که تولید محصولات زراعی را تحت تأثیر قرار می‏دهد. تحقیق حاضر به منظور مطالعه تنوع ژنتیکی در 20 رقم گندم در سال 1394 در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار شامل 20 رقم به عنوان عامل اول و تنش شوری با کلرید سدیم در 4 سطح صفر ‏(آب مقطر)، 4، 8 و 12 دسی زیمنس بر ‏متر به عنوان عامل دوم اجرا گردید. تجزیه به مؤلفه‏های اصلی، 11 صفت بررسی شده را به 2 مؤلفه تقسیم و بر اساس آن 57 درصد از کل تغییرات داده‏ها را توجیه نمود. اولین و دومین مولفه به ترتیب 7/39 و 9/16 درصد از تغییرات کل داده‏ها را بیان کرد و به ترتیب متحمل به تنش شوری و حساس به تنش شوری نام‏گذاری گردیدند. با استفاده از تجزیه خوشه‏ای 20 رقم مورد بررسی در سه خوشه قرار گرفتند. ارقام ارگ، بهار، لیستان، مارون و هیرمند در خوشه دوم قرار گرفتند و از نظر صفات درصد سبزشدن، طول گیاهچه، وزن خشک گیاهچه، شاخص بنیه بذر، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، غلظت یون پتاسیم، نسبت یون پتاسیم به سدیم، شاخص تحمل براساس وزن و طول گیاهچه بالاتر از میانگین کل بودند و شایان ذکر است که بالابودن این صفات در شرایط تنش شوری مطلوب می‏باشد. همچنین از نظر نشت یونی و غلظت یون سدیم کمتر از میانگین کل بودند که این از نظر تحمل به شوری مطلوب می‏باشد. براساس نتایج این مطالعه، استفاده از این ارقام برای برنامه‌های اصلاحی آینده برای تحمل به شوری توصیه می‏گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Grouping of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties on the morpho-physiologic characteristics under salinity stress condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Shabani Nezhad 1
  • zahra khodarahmpour 2
  • Mehdi Soltani Howyzeh 3
چکیده [English]

Salinity is one of the most important environmental stresses that can affect crop production. The research aimed to study the genetic diversity of 20 wheat varieties at Islamic Azad university, Ahvaz branch in 2015 in factorial experiment in basis randomized completely blocks design with 3 replications of 20 varieties as the first factor and salinity stress with NaCl at 4 levels of zero (distilled water), 4, 8 and 12 ds/m as the second factor was implemented. The principal components analysis, 11 studied traits is divided into 2 components on the basis of 57% of the data changes can be justified. The first and second components respectively 39.7% and 16.9% of the total variation stated and respectively are tolerant and sensitive to salinity were named. Using cluster analysis of 20 varieties located in three clusters. Varieties of Arg, Listan, Bahar, Maron and Hirmand were in the second cluster and the percent of emergence, length of seedling, dry weight of seedling, seed vigor index, leaf relative water content, K concentration, K/Na ratio, STI based dry weight of seedling and length of seedling were higher than the overall mean and it is worth noting that these characteristics in high salinity conditions are favorable. As well as the ionic leakage and Na concentration less than the overall mean that it is desirable in terms of salinity tolerance. According to this study, the use of this varieties for future breeding programs are recommended for salinity tolerance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Multivariate analysis
  • Genetic diversity
  • Salinity
  • Wheat

مراجع

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علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران
دوره 4، شماره 4
اسفند 1396
صفحه 59-71

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