ارزیابی پتانسیل دگرآسیبی بقایای چاوداروحشی (Secale cereale) و چچم ((Lolium rigidum بر برخی صفات جوانه‌زنی، کلروفیلی و فنلی بذر جو رقم صحرا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه گنبد کاووس

2 دانشگاه گنبد

چکیده

آزمایشی به‌منظور ارزیابی پتانسیل دگرآسیبی بقایای دوگونه علف‌‌هرز چاوداروحشی(Secale cereale) و چچم ( Lolium rigidum)در مراحل مختلف فنولوژیکیبر صفات جوانه‌زنی، میزان کلروفیل و فنل‌کل بذر جو رقم‌صحرا در مرحله اولیه جوانه‌زنی در شرایط گلدان و آزمایشگاه علوم علف‌های‌هرز دانشگاه گنبدکاووس انجام شد. برای آزمایش، مقادیر مختلف پودرهای تهیه شده از کل اندام‌های هر علف‌هرز (0، 4،2، 8، 16و 32 گرم در یک کیلوگرم خاک لوم) به‌مدت 40 روز جهت پوسیده شدن در گلدان نگه‌داری شدند. سپس 20 گرم بقایای پوسیده در مقادیر مختلف به پتری‌های ضدعفونی شده به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار برای هر علف‌هرز به‌طور جداگانه اضافه گردید. در این آزمایش صفاتی نظیر درصد و سرعت جوانه‌زنی، طول ریشه‌چه و ساقه‌چه، بنیه بذر، میزان کلروفیل a، b و کل و میزان فنل‌کل مورد اندازه‌گیری قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد برهمکنش اثر مراحل فنولوژیکی و مقادیر مختلف بقایای چاوداروحشی بر تمام صفات به‌جزء صفت فنل‌کل جو معنی‌دار بود. نتیجه در مورد علف‌هرز چچم به‌جزء برهمکنش این عوامل بر صفات درصد و سرعت جوانه‌‍‌زنی و میزان کلروفیل b مشابه چاودار وحشی بود (0.01> p). بر اساس نتایج، مقدار بازدارندگی بقایای پوسیده علف‌های‌هرز چچم و چاوداروحشی بر صفات جوانه‌زنی و کلروفیلی جو دارای روند کاهشی متفاوتی در مراحل فنولوژیکی و مقادیر مختلف بودند. به‌طوری‌که بیش‌ترین اثرات دگرآسیبی بر صفات مورد بررسی در مراحل پایانی رشدی در 32 گرم بقایای گیاهی پوسیده، مشاهده شد. اثر بازدارندگی بر صفات جوانه‌زنی و کلروفیلی جو ممکن است به‌خاطر کمیت و کیفیت مواد آلی به‌علاوه پتانسیل قوی آللوپاتیکی علف‌های‌هرز در سطح سلولی باشد. در این مطالعه میزان فنل‌کل جو با افزایش مقادیر بقایای هر دو علف‌هرز، افزایش یافت

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating hetrotoxicity potential of decomposed plant residues of Secale cereale and Lolium rigidum on some traits of germination, chlorophyll and phenols of barley seed (Sahra variety)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gelareh Ghagha Mirzaie 1
  • Ebrahim Gholamalipour Alamdari 1
  • Ali Nakhzari Moghadam 1
  • Ali Rahemi 2
چکیده [English]

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the hetrotoxicity potential of decayed plant parts of the two weed species: i.e. Secale cereale and Lolium rigidum in various phenological stages on germination traits, chlorophyll content and total phenols content of barely seed (the variety of Sahra) in the primary stage of germination in pot culture and weed science laboratory of Gonbad Kavous University. In this experiment, various quantities of the prepared powder from whole organs of the every weed (0, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 g per one kg loamy soil) were kept to decay in the pot culture for 40 days. Then 20g of decomposed residues in various quantities were placed in sterilized petridish as the factorial experiment based on the compeletly randomized design in three replications were added for every weed individually. In the experiment the traits such as germination percentage, germination rate, radicle and shoot length, vigor index and content of chloropyll a, b, total as well as total phenols content were measured. Results showed that the interaction effects of the phenological stages and various quantities of the plant residues of Secale cereale weed on the whole studied traits except total phenols content were significant. Regarding Lolium rigidum, the results were similar to the results of the Secale cereale except the interaction effect of these factors on the germination percent, the rate of germination and chlorophyll b content (p<0.01). On the basis of these results, the inhibition rate of decomposed plant material from Secale cereale and Lolium rigidum weeds on the traits of germination and the chlorophyll content of the barley depend on the quantities and phonological stage of the weeds. Thus the most hetrotoxicity effect on the studied traits was observed in the end of the growth at the rate of 32g. Negative influence on the traits of the germination and chlorophyll content might be due to different organic and the inorganic constituents as well as strong allelopathic potential of the weeds at cellular or organ level, resulting from negative impact on the studied traits. The amount of phenols was increased with the rise of the plant residues of the both weeds. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phenological stages
  • Weeds
  • Plant residues
  • Inhibition

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علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران
دوره 4، شماره 2
شهریور 1396
صفحه 31-44

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