تأثیر تلقیح بذر با ریزجانداران محرک رشد و ورمی کمپوست بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی سورگوم رقم پگاه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان

2 موسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر باکتری های محرک رشد در تلفیق با کودهای شیمیائی و آلی بر عملکرد کمی و غلظت عناصر غذایی سورگوم رقم پگاه، آزمایشی به صورت طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار طی فصل زراعی 91-90 در موسسه تحقیقات برنج رشت انجام شد. تیمارهای مورد استفاده، بدون کود و بدون تلقیح (شاهد)، استفاده از کود شیمیائی و بدون تلقیح، تلقیح بذر باPseudomonas fluorescens strain 12  +Azotobacter chroococcum strain 41  + بدون کود شیمیایی، تلقیح بذر با  P. fluorescens strain 12+A. chroococcum strain 41  + 50 درصد کود شیمیائی، تلقیح بذر باP. fluorescens strain 12  +A. chroococcum strain 41  + 75 درصد کود شیمیائی، استفاده از ورمی­کمپوست (6 تن در هکتار) و بدون کود شیمیایی، استفاده از ورمی­کمپوست + 50 درصد کود شیمیائی، استفاده از ورمی­کمپوست + 75 درصد کود شیمیائی، تلقیح بذر با P. fluorescens strain 12 +A. chroococcum strain 41  + 50 درصد ورمی­کمپوست، تلقیح بذر باP. fluorescens strain 12  +A. chroococcum strain 41  + 75 درصد ورمی­کمپوست، تلقیح با P. fluorescens strain 12  +A. chroococcum strain 41  + ورمی­کمپوست بودند. تیمارهای کودی بر ارتفاع بوته، سطح برگ، وزن خشک برگ و ساقه، عملکرد تر و خشک علوفه، و میزان فسفر و روی اثر معنی­داری داشت. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده تلفیقی از ورمی کمپوست و ریزجانداران محرک رشد در تمامی صفات به جز قطر ساقه، دارای بالاترین میزان بود. یافته­های این آزمایش نشان داد که این ریزجانداران بر حسب ویژگی های خاک، ژنوتیپ گیاه و بخصوص شرایط اقلیمی، خود را با محیط سازگار می نمایند. بهبود وضعیت تغذیه ای گیاه در تیمار تلفیقی ورمی کمپوست و ریزجانداران محرک رشد سبب افزایش عملکرد کمی و غلظت عناصر غذایی در مقایسه با تیمارهای غیرتلقیحی گردید. در واقع استفاده از کودهای زیستی و آلی به دلیل جذب عناصر غذائی به ویژه فسفر و نیز تحریک رشد گیاه بر اثر ترشح متابولیت های ثانویه منجر به افزایش عملکرد گیاه شد. در مجموع می توان گفت که استفاده از ورمی­کمپوست و ریزجانداران محرک رشد گیاه علاوه بر کاهش آلودگی محیط زیست می توانند در افزایش عملکرد سورگوم نقش مثبتی را ایفا کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of seed inoculation with PGPR and vermicompost on quantitative and qualitative yield of sorghum cul. Pegah

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jafar Asghari 1
  • Seyed MohammadReza Ehteshami 1
  • Nazli Golestani 1
  • Mohammad Rabiei 2
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate effect of some of biofertilizers in integrated to chemical and organic fertilizers on quantitative and nutrients density of sorghum forage (Pegah cultivar), a experiment was conducted during 2010-2011 growing season at Rice Research Institute in Rasht. The experimental design was completely randomized block, with three replication. Investigated treatments were including control (without inoculation and without chemical fertilizer), use of fertilizers and without  inoculation, seed inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens strain 12+Azotobacter chroococcum strain 41 and without chemical fertilizer, seed inoculation with P. fluorescens strain 12+A. chroococcum strain 41 and 50% chemical fertilizer, seed inoculation with P. fluorescens strain 12+A. chroococcum strain 41 and 75% chemical fertilizer, use of vermicompost (6 ton/ha)and without chemical fertilizer,use of vermicompost (6 ton/ha) and 50% chemical fertilizer,use of vermicompost (6 ton/ha) and 75% chemical fertilizer, seed inoculation with P. fluorescens strain 12+A. chroococcum strain 41 and 50% vermicompost,seed inoculation with P. fluorescens strain 12+A. chroococcum strain 41 and 75% vermicompost,seed inoculation with P. fluorescens strain 12+A. chroococcum strain 41 and  vermicompost. Fertilizer treatments had significant effect on plant height, leaf area, dry weight of leaf and stem, wet and dried yield of forage, dry matter digestibility of dried forage, crude protein of dried forage, P and Zn content. Results showed that integrated usage of vermicompost and plant growth promoting microorganisms had the highest of amount in all of characteristics except stem diameter. The findings of this experiment showed these microorganisms can adapt themselves based on soil properties, plant genotypes and particularly climate. Improving of the nutritional status in integrated usage of vermicompost and plant growth promoting microorganisms increased quantitative and nutrients density in compared with non-inoculation treatments. Indeed, use of biofertilizers and organic fertilizers can interact positively in increasing plant yield by nutrients uptake especially P, promoting plant growth and secretion of secondary metabolites, too. Generally, it seems that using of vermicompost could improve sorghum performance in addition to reduction of environmental pollution.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Vermicompost
  • Pseudomonas
  • Azotobacter
  • Nutrients

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علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران
دوره 3، شماره 4
دی 1395
صفحه 81-91

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