تأثیر دوره‌های آبیاری غرقابی و زمان پس از برداشت بر جوانه‌زنی بذر ارقام برنج

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

2 دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

چکیده

خصوصیات کیفی بذر و اثرات آن بر جنبه‌های جوانه‌زنی، صرف نظر از ژنوتیپ و شرایط رطوبتی خاک در مزرعه، متأثر از مدت زمان نگهداری بذر پس از برداشت می‌باشد لذا این پژوهش به­صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل اسپلیت‌پلات در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه اجرا شد. عامل اصلی به­صورت ترکیبی از رژیم آبیاری و ژنوتیپ شامل 4، 6 و 8 ساعت یک روز در میان و 4ساعت هر روز آبیاری و ارقام برنج دانیال، لاین6، چمپا و عنبوری قرمز بود. پنج فاصله زمانی پس از برداشت (0، 20، 40، 60 و 80 روز) به عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد ژنوتیپ‌های پرمحصول به­دلیل درصد پوسته کمتر، وزن هزاردانه بیشتر و جنین بزرگتر بر ژنوتیپ‌های محلی برتری داشتند. کیفیت بذر تحت تأثیر ژنوتیپ، رژیم‌های آبیاری و مدت زمان نگهداری بذر بود. رژیم‌ آبیاری IR2 بهترین نتیجه را در میزان جوانه‌زنی (77 درصد)، طول ساقه‌چه (9/8 سانتی­متر) و وزن خشک گیاهچه (34 میلی­گرم) داشت. لاین 6 بیشترین میزان جوانه‌زنی (82 درصد)، طول ریشه‌چه (7/8 سانتی­متر) و وزن خشک گیاهچه (6/43 میلی­گرم) داشت. 60 روز پس از برداشت طول ساقه‌چه به بالاترین میزان (9 سانتی­متر) رسید. با اعمال هر گونه رژیم آبیاری، لاین 6 پس از برداشت 80 روزه بالاترین جوانه‌زنی را داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of duration of flooding irrigation and time after harvesting on seed germination of rice genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehrzad Tavoosi 1
  • Abdolali Gilani 1
  • Mohammad Hosein Gharineh 2
چکیده [English]

Seed qualitative characteristics and their effects on seed germination are affected by genotype and soil moisture conditions in the field and the time after harvesting. The experiment was carried out as factorial split-plot design in randomized complete with three replicates in laboratory condition. The main plots were combination of 4 different irrigation regimes (I1, I2, I3= eight, six and four hours every other day, respectively and I4 = four hours per day) and 4 different genotypes [Danial (V1), Line6 (V2), Champa (V3), Red Anbori (V4)]. Five post-harvest interval times (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 days) were considered as subplots. The results showed that high yielding genotypes were superior in comparison with local genotypes because of less shell percentage, higher 1000 seeds weight and bigger embryo. Seed qualitative characteristics affected by genotype, irrigation regimes and the time after harvesting. IR2 was the best treatments in the germination percentage (77%), length of shoot (8.9cm) and seedling dry weight (34mg). Line 6 had the highest seed germination (82%), root length (8.7cm) and seedling dry weight (43.6mg). The highest shoot length (9cm) grew up 60 days after harvesting. By applying every irrigation regimes, line 6 after the 80-day time after harvesting had the highest seed germination.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Germination
  • Irrigation Regimes
  • Rice Genotypes
  • Seed Dormancy
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