اثر پرایمینگ ماتریکس بر بهبود برخی ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر سه رقم سویا [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] رشد یافته تحت شرایط آبیاری محدود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه آزاد واحد تاکستان

2 موسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال

3 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

4 ﻣﺆسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج

چکیده

جهت ارزیابی اثر پرایمینگ ماتریکس بر برخی ویژگی­های جوانه­زنی بذر سه رقم تجاری سویا، تولید شده تحت اعمال تنش خشکی بر گیاه مادری، تحقیقی مزرعه­ای و آزمایشگاهی به­صورت فاکتوریل به­ترتیب در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی و کاملاً تصادفی با 4 تکرار در مزرعه مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر و آزمایشگاه تجزیه کیفی بذر مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال در کرج انجام شد. بذرهای 3 رقم تجاری سویایL17، Hamilton و Williams ‌با آبیاری گیاه مادر پس از 50، 100 و 150 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک تبخیر کلاس A تولید شدند. سپس بذرها با محلول به نسبت وزنی1 به 4 بسترهای جامد کمپوست استریل، ورمیکولیت، پرلیت و زئولیت در آب مقطر پرایمینگ ماتریکس شدند و تیمار شاهد، بذرهای پرایمینگ ماتریکس نشده بودند. با آزمون جوانه­­زنی استاندارد درصد جوانه­زنی نهایی، درصد گیاهچه­های عادی و غیرعادی، متوسط زمان جوانه­زنی، ضریب سرعت جوانه­زنی، متوسط جوانه­زنی روزانه و سرعت جوانه­زنی روزانه تعیین شدند. نتایج نشان داد، اعمال تنش خشکی بر گیاه مادری سبب کاهش درصد جوانه­زنی نهائی، گیاهچه­های عادی و شاخص­های سرعت جوانه­زنی و افزایش درصد گیاهچه­های غیرعادی و متوسط زمان جوانه­زنی گردید. بذرهای رقم  L17در شرایط تنش خشکی از درصد جوانه­زنی نهائی بیشتر و درصد گیاهچه­های عادی کمتری نسبت به سایر ارقام مورد بررسی برخوردار بودند. به­طورکلی پرایمینگ ماتریکس سبب بهبود صفات مرتبط با جوانه­زنی مورد بررسی بذرهای تولید شده تنش خشکی گردید و با افزایش شدت تنش خشکی این بهبود مشهودتر بود. بسترهای جامد ورمی­کولیت، زئولیت، کمپوست و پرلیت به­ترتیب از اثر بهبود دهنده بیشتری برخوردار بودند. بذرهای رقم Hamilton تولید شده در شرایط تنش و بدون تنش خشکی، پرایمینگ ماتریکس شده با بستر جامد ورمی­کولیت از بیشترین بهبود برخوردار بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of matrix priming on some germination traits improvement of three commercial soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merril] cultivars seeds grew by limited irrigation conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mostafa Vaseei Kashani 1
  • Aidin Hamidi 2
  • Hosein Heidari Sharifabad 3
  • Jahanfar Daneshian 4
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effect of matrix priming on some germination traits improvement of three soybean commercial cultivars seeds produced under parent plant drought stress, a field and laboratory experiment conducted as a factorial respectively based on randomized complete block and completely randomized design by four replications in Seed and Plant Improvement Institute(SPII) and the seed analysis laboratory of Seeds and Plant Certification and Registration Institute at Karaj. Three soybean commercial cultivars, L17, Hamilton and Williams seeds produced under parent plant drought stress by irrigation after 50, 100, 150 mm evaporation from A class pan evaporation. Then, seeds by 1 to 4 weight ratio of sterilized compost, vermiculate, perlite and zeolite solid matrices in distilled water matrix primed and not matrix primed seeds were control. By standard germination test, final germination percent, normal and abnormal seedlings percent, mean germination time, coefficient of velocity of germination, mean daily germination and daily germination speed determined. Results revealed, drought stress imposed on parent plant caused final germination, normal seedlings percent and germination rate indices decreased and abnormal seedlings percent and mean germination time increased. Under drought stress conditions L17 cultivar seeds had more final germination percent and less normal seedlings percent as compared with other studied cultivars. Totally, matrix priming caused produced under drought stress conditions seeds related to germination studied traits improvement and by increase drought stress intensity this improvement was more obvious. Also, vermiculate, zeolit, compost and perlite solid matrices respectively had more improvement effect. Hamilton cultivar seed produced without stress and under drought stress conditions, matrix primed by vermiculate solid matrix had the most improvement.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Compost
  • Perlite
  • Seed quality
  • Vermiculate
  • Zeolite

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