غربال‌گری ژنوتیپ‌های برنج (Oryza sativa.L) تحت تنش خشکی در مرحله جوانه‌زنی و معرفی ژن‌های کلیدی در پاسخ به تنش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

3 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

4 استاد، گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

10.22124/jms.2025.8931

چکیده

تنش‌های محیطی مانند خشکی، شوری، گرما تهدیدی جدی برای کشاورزی بحساب می‌آیند. تنش خشکی از مهم‌ترین تنش‌های غیرزیستی در برنج است که باعث کاهش عملکرد محصول می‌شود. در این پژوهش، 12 ژنوتیپ بومی برنج (Oryza sativa L.)  برای ارزیابی تحمل به تنش خشکی در مرحله جوانه‌زنی بررسی شدند. تنش اسمزی با استفاده از پلی‌اتیلن‌گلیکول (PEG6000) در چهار سطح (0، 10، 15، 20 درصد) اعمال گردید. آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با آرایش فاکتوریل با سه تکرار اجرا شده و صفات مورفولوژیکی نظیر طول ریشه‌چه، طول ساقه‌چه، وزن تر و خشک، درصد جوانه‌زنی، شاخص بنیه بذر و ضریب آلومتریک مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد اثر ژنوتیپ، سطح تنش و تعامل آن‌ها بر اغلب صفات معنی‌دار است. با استفاده از نتایج تجزیه به عامل‌ها بر اساس مولفه‌های ضریب آلومتریک و شاخص بنیه بذر، ژنوتیپ «سپیدرود» متحمل‌ترین و «علی کاظمی» حساس‌ترین ژنوتیپ به تنش خشکی در مرحله جوانه زنی شناسایی شدند. در تحلیل‌های بیوانفورماتیکی نیز داده‌های ترانسکریپتومی موجود در پایگاه داده که شامل دو ژنوتیپ متحمل و حساس به تنش خشکی بود، تجزیه و تحلیل شد و تعدادی ژن‌های کلیدی از جمله DREB2A، CSD2، ANNAT، AOC2  شناسایی شدند. تحلیل غنی‌سازی ژن‌ها نشان داد فرآیندهای متابولیکی و مسیرهای مرتبط با استرس اکسیداتیو و تنظیم اسمزی در پاسخ به تنش خشکی فعال شده‌اند. نتایج این مطالعه می‌تواند در انتخاب ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل و راهکارهای به‌نژادی آینده مفید باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Screening of rice (Oryza sativa. L) genotypes under drought stress at the germination stage and identification of key genes involved in the response to stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahar Shojaee 1
  • Mohammad Mohsenzadeh 2
  • Maryam Pasandideh Arjmand 3
  • Habibollah Samiezadeh lahiji, 4
1 Ph. D. Candidate, Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 Ph. D. Graduated, Dept. of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran,
4 Professor, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht. Iran
چکیده [English]

Environmental stresses such as drought, salinity, and heat pose significant threats to agriculture. Drought stress is one of the most critical abiotic stresses affecting rice, leading to reduced crop yield. In this study, 12 native rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes were evaluated for drought tolerance during the germination stage. Osmotic stress was induced using polyethylene glycol (PEG6000) at four levels (0%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement and three replications, assessing morphological traits including rootlet length, shoot length, fresh and dry weight, germination percentage, seed vigor index, and allometric coefficient. The results indicated that the effects of genotype, stress level, and their interaction were significant for most traits. The ‘Sepidrud’ genotype was identified as the most tolerant, while the ‘Ali Kazemi’ genotype was the most sensitive to drought stress at the germination stage. Bioinformatics analyses of available transcriptomic data from databases, including two drought-resistant and sensitive genotypes, were performed, identifying key genes such as DREB2A, CSD2, ANNAT, and AOC2. Gene enrichment analysis revealed that metabolic processes and pathways related to oxidative stress and osmotic regulation were activated in response to drought stress. The findings of this study could be valuable for selecting resistant genotypes and informing future breeding strategies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gene Co-expression
  • Drought
  • Morphological Traits
  • Oryza sativa
  • Tolerance Indices

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