ارزیابی اثر عصاره گیاه دارویی آنغوزه (Ferula latisecta L) بر خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی و رشدی گندم ( Triticum aestivum L) و چاودار (Secale cereale L)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد اگرواکولوژی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی شیروان، دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران

2 استاد، عضو هیئت علمی گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی شیروان، دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران

3 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ ارشد فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی شیروان، دانشگاه بجنورد، ایران.

10.22124/jms.2024.8793

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف اتیلن روی خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی و فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی در گلرنگ تحت تنش شوری، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا" تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی در سال 1402 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل چهار سطح مختلف شوری (صفر، 150، 300، 450 میلی‌مولار نمک کلرید سدیم) و پنج سطح مختلف اتیلن (صفر، 5/0، 1، 5/1، 2 در هزار) بود. نتایج نشان داد که تنش شوری درصد‌ جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی و وزن خشک گیاهچه را کاهش داد، ولی تیمار با سطوح مختلف اتیلن، به‌ویژه غلظت 2 در هزار، اثرات تنش شوری بر این صفات را تعدیل کرد. تنش شوری میانگین مدت جوانه‌زنی را افزایش داد به‌طوری‌که بیش‌ترین میانگین مدت جوانه‌زنی (19/2 روز) مربوط به تیمار با آب مقطر و شوری 450 میلی‌مولار بود. تیمار با اتیلن غلظت 2 در هزار و بدون تنش شوری طول گیاهچه را افزایش داد و بیشترین طول گیاهچه (07/4 سانتی‌متر) در این تیمار مشاهده شد. بیش‌ترین فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز و سوپراکسید‌دیسمیوتاز، میزان عنصر سدیم، نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم و مالون‌دی‌آلدئید در تیمار با آب مقطر و شوری 450 میلی‌مولار مشاهده گردید. بیش‌ترین فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز (84/1 واحد میلی‌گرم بر پروتئین) در تیمار اتیلن با غلظت 1 در هزار و بیش‌ترین مقدار پتاسیم (45/33 میلی‌گرم به ازای هر کیلوگرم وزن خشک) در غلظت اتیلن 5/1 در هزار مشاهده شد. تیمار با اتیلن موجب تقویت شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی، شاخص‌های رشد و صفات بیوشیمیایی بذرهای گلرنگ تحت تنش شوری شد و رشد گیاهچه را افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the effect of Ferula latisecta medicinal plant extract on germination and growth characteristics of Triticum aestivum and Secale cereale

نویسندگان [English]

  • Akbar Younesi 1
  • Alireza Dadkhah 2
  • Reza Rezvani 3
1 M.Sc. Student in Agroecology, Department of Plant Production and Genetic, Shirvan Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran.
2 Professor, Faculty Member of Plant Production and Genetic Department, Shirvan Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran.
3 M.Sc. Graduated in Crop Physiology of Plant Production and Genetic Department, Faculty Agriculture of Shirvan, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran.
چکیده [English]

To investigate the effect of different ethylene levels on germination traits and antioxidant enzyme activity of safflower under salt stress, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications at the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2023-2024. The treatments included four different salt levels (0, 150, 300, 450 mM from sodium chloride) and five different ethylene concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 per thousand, ppt). The results showed that salt stress reduced the germination percentage, germination rate, and dry weight of seedlings. However, treatments with different levels of ethylene, particularly at a concentration of 2 ppt, moderated the effects of salt stress on these traits. Salt stress increased the average germination duration, with the highest average duration (2.19 days) observed for treatments with distilled water and 450 mM salt. The treatment with ethylene at 2 ppt, under non-salt stress, increased seedling length, with the maximum seedling length (4.07 cm) recorded in this treatment. The highest activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes, sodium content, sodium-to-potassium ratio, and malondialdehyde levels were observed in treatments with distilled water and 450 mM salt. The highest activity of the peroxidase enzyme (1.84 units mg-1 of protein) was found in the ethylene treatment at a concentration of 1 ppt, while the highest amount of potassium (33.45 mg kg-1 dry weight) was observed at an ethylene concentration of 1.5 ppt. The ethylene treatment enhanced germination indices, growth indices, and biochemical traits of safflower seeds under salt stress, leading to increased seedling growth.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant activity
  • Cereals
  • Chlorophyll
  • Germination rate
  • Herbicide
  • Inhibitory
  • Vigor index
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