بررسی طول عمر بذر گونه‌های مختلف پونه‌سا Nepeta spp. در شرایط ex-situ

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار پژوهش، بانک ژن منابع طبیعی ایران، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 محقق، بانک ژن منابع طبیعی ایران، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات صنوبر و درختان سریع الرشد، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

10.22124/jms.2024.8037

چکیده

‌طول عمر بالا بذرهای خشک اساس حفاظت خارج از رویشگاه (ex-situ) بذرهای ارتدوکس (بذور متحمل به خشک شدن) است. با ‌این‌وجود در شرایط ذخیره­سازی یکسان، تنوع زیادی در طول عمر بذر گونه‌ها وجود دارد. نتایج آزمون زوال مصنوعی به مدیران بانک بذر ابزاری برای ارزیابی طول عمر بالقوه مجموعه‌های بذر این گونه‌ها در شرایط بانک بذر ارائه می‌دهد تا امکان انتخاب فواصل آزمایش مجدد زنده­ماندن مناسب و در نتیجه مدیریت بهتر مجموعه‌های حفاظتی را فراهم ‌کند. در پژوهش حاضر بذر نه گونه وحشی Nepata در دمای و رطوبت نسبی بالا (به­ترتیب 45 درجه سانتی­گراد و 60 درصد) به­مدت 120 روز زوال یافتند. بذرها در زمان‌های مختلف (1، 2، 5، 9، 20، 30، 50، 90 و 120 روز) از شرایط تیمار زوال خارج شده و زنده‌مانی آن­ها با آزمایش‌های استاندارد جوانه‌زنی بررسی گردید. زمان صرف­شده در انبار برای کاهش جوانه‌زنی به­میزان 50٪ (p50) با استفاده از تجزیه و تحلیل Probit تعیین شد و به­عنوان معیاری برای طول عمر نسبی بذر بین گونه­ها استفاده گردید. p50 بذور زوال یافته گونه‌های مختلف پونه‌سا در شرایط زوال مصنوعی، از 38/4 روز تا 16 روز متغیر بود. بر اساس طول عمر بذور بدست آمده در زوال مصنوعی، دوره‌های پایش‌ جوانه‌زنی بذر در بانک‌های ژن برای گونه‌های N. pogonosperma، N. haussknechtii، N. glomerulosa، N. cataria، N. depauperata می‌تواند ده ساله باشد. ولی دوره‌های پایش‌ جوانه‌زنی بذر گونه‌های N. menthoides، N. nuda، N. schirazana و N. oxydonata باید پنج ساله باشد و حتی جمع‌آوری مجدد بذر آن­ها استراتژی مناسب‌تری برای حفاظت آن­ها در شرایط ex-situ است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Ex-situ seed longevity of Nepeta spp.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parvin Salehi Shanjani 1
  • Leila Rasoulzadeh 2
  • Mohsen Calagari 3
  • Leila Falah Hoseini 2
  • Hamideh Javadi 1
1 Research Associate Professor, Natural Resources Gene Bank of Iran, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Researcher, Natural Resources Gene Bank of Iran, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Research Associate Professor, Poplar and Fast Gowing Trees Research Department, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Extended seed longevity in the dry state is the basis for the ex-situ conservation of orthodox seeds (desiccation-tolerant seeds). However, even under identical storage conditions, there is wide variation in seed longevity between species. The results of the artificial aging test provide seed bank managers a tool to assess the potential longevity of seed sets of these species under seed bank conditions, to enable the selection of appropriate viability retest intervals and, as a result, better management of conservation accessions. In the present work, seeds of nine wild species of Nepata spp. were aged at elevated temperature and relative humidity (45°C and 60% RH) for 120 days. Seeds were removed at various times (1, 2, 5, 9, 20, 30, 50, 75, 100 and 125 days) and their viability was determined through standard germination tests. The time taken in storage for viability to fall to 50% (p50) was determined using Probit analysis and used as a measure of relative seed longevity between species. Among Nepeta species, p50 at 45°C and 60% RH varied from 4.38 d to 16 d. Results indicated that based on the artificial aging longevity, in the gene banks the germination test intervals of species N. pogonosperma, N. haussknechtii, N. glomerulosa, N. cataria, N. depauperata can be ten years. But the germination test intervals of N. menthoides, N. nuda, N. schirazana and N. oxydonata should be five years, and even re-collecting their seeds can be a more appropriate strategy to protect them in ex-situ conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Artificial aging
  • Germination rate
  • Mean germination time
  • Species diversity

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علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران
دوره 11، شماره 1
فروردین 1403
صفحه 31-49

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