تأثیر بازدارنده‌گی عصاره‌های آبی-الکلی آقطی و گردو بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی، مورفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی خرفه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده باغبانی، دانشکده فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده باغبانی، دانشکده فردوسی مشهد، مشهد ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی خصوصیات جوانه­زنی و رشد اولیه علف هرز خرفه تحت تأثیر غلظت­های عصاره­ی آبی-الکلی گردو (W) و آقطی (E)، دو آزمایش مجزا به­صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار طی یک فصل زراعی (1396) اجرا شد. تیمار­ها شامل عصاره آبی-الکلی گردو و آقطی به­صورت اثرات اصلی و متقابل در غلظت­های صفر، 20، 60 و 100 درصد بودند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس شرایط آزمایشگاه و گلخانه نشان داد که تیمارهای عصاره­های آبی-الکلی گردو و آقطی بر تمامی صفات مورد بررسی اثر معنی­داری داشتند. به­طوری­که بیش­ترین اثر بازدارندگی مربوط به غلظت 100 درصد عصاره­های آبی-الکلی گردو و آقطی بود. مقایسه میانگین داده­های شرایط آزمایشگاهی نشان داد که با افزایش میزان غلظت عصاره­های آبی-الکلی گردو و آقطی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی درصد جوانه­زنی، سرعت جوانه­زنی، طول ریشه­چه، طول ساقه­چه، وزن تر و خشک و شاخص بنیه بذر علف هرز خرفه نسبت به شاهد کاهش یافت. مقایسه میانگین داده­های شرایط گلخانه نشان داد که با افزایش میزان غلظت عصاره­های آبی-الکلی گردو و آقطی، طول ساقه، تعداد برگ در بوته، میزان رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی مانند کلروفیل a،b  و کاروتنوئید­ها به­طور معنی­داری کاهش و میزان پرولین افزایش یافت. همچنین رشد ریشه­های فرعی گیاه خرفه کاهش معنی­داری نسبت به شاهد داشت که باعث کاهش رشد و وزن خشک اندام هوایی گیاه خرفه گردید. با توجه به نتایج به­دست­آمده در این مطالعه از عصاره­ی آبی-الکلی برگ گردو و آقطی در غلظت 100 درصد می­توان برای کنترل علف هرز خرفه استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The inhibitory effect of Walnut and Elderberry hydro-alcoholic extract on germination, morphological and biochemical characteristics of Portulaca oleracea

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojtaba Salahiostad 1
  • Bahram Abedi 2
  • Malihe Morshadloo 3
  • Maryam Ahangarani 1
  • Shoayb Jabbari Ghale khaki 3
  • Zinab Asghary Dashtaby 3
  • Ehsan Esmaeili 1
1 MSc Student, Department of Gardening, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Gardening, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
3 MSc Student, Department of Gardening, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study germination characteristics and early growth of Portulaca oleracea, under different treatment of Walnut (W) and Elderberry (E), Two separate experiments were carried out in a factorial arrangement a Completely randomized with three replications over a farm season (1396). Treatments included Walnut and Elderberry hydro-alcoholic extract in concentrations of 0, 20, 60 and 100%. Results of the analysis of the variance of the laboratory and the greenhouse showed that the Walnut and Elderberry hydro-alcoholic extract had a significant effect on all the characteristics, So that the highest inhibitory effect was observed in 100% Walnut and 100% Elderberry. comparison of the average data from the experimental section showed that with increasing the the Walnut and Elderberry hydro-alcoholic extract in the experimental section germination percentage, germination speed, root length, stem length, fresh and dry weights, and indices of Portulaca oleracea seeds vigor index were reduced compared to witnesses. comparison of the average data from the greenhouse segment showed that with increasing the concentration of the extract stem length, Stem dry weight, Root dry weight, Number of leaves plant, Number of roots in the plant, photosynthesis pigments such as chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids increased significantly and proline increased. Also, the growth of the  roots of the plant has a significant decrease in its meaning. which resulted in a decrease in the dry weight and dry weight of the Portulaca oleracea. according to the results obtained in this study Walnut and Elderberry hydro-alcoholic extract at a concentration of 100% concentration can be used to control Portulaca oleracea

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Allelopathy
  • Chlorophyll
  • Germination rate
  • Proline
  • Vigor index
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