بررسی خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی و گیاهچه‌ای بذر پسته (Pistacia vera L.) جنگل خواجه کلات مشهد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیئت علمی گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه علوم انتظامی امین، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار دانشگاه تهران، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، گروه جنگلداری، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد آمار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

یکی از گونه­های با ارزش جنگل­های ایران در مناطق ایران و تورانی گونه پسته وحشی است که از ارزش اقتصادی بالایی برخوردار می­باشد. تولید بذر از موضوعات مهم جنگل­شناسی و برنامه­های احیایی و جنگل­کاری با بذر و نهال بوده و به همین جهت نیاز به کسب اطلاعات لازم درباره کیفیت و کمیت بذر این گونه بیش از پیش احساس می­گردد. ابتدا برای جمع‌آوری نمونه بذر، نقشه فرم زمین پس از روی هم اندازی نقشه‌های جهت، شیب و ارتفاع تهیه و اقدام به جمع­آوری بذر پسته از مناطق تعیین شده، گردید. بذور از 23 منطقه نمونه­گیری جمع‌آوری گردید. درصد قوه نامیه، سرعت جوانه­زنی، ارزش جوانه­زنی و میانگین مدت روز برای جوانه­زنی برای هر یک از توده­های بذری بر اساس فرمول­ها و محاسبات آزمایش بذر و قوانین سازمان بین­المللی بذر (ایستا) تعیین گردید. نتایج حاصل از آزمایشات نشان داد که عامل جهت‏‏، ارتفاع و شیب در سطح 1 درصد بر روی قوه نامیه، ارزش جوانه­زنی، میانگین مدت روز برای جوانه­زنی و سرعت جوانه­زنی بذر اثر معنی‌داری نشان می‌دهد. نتایج مقایسه میانگین­ها حاکی از آن بود که در ارتفاعات بالا و جهت شمال و جنوب و شیب بالای 60 درصد، بذر پسته دارای بیش­ترین درصد قوه نامیه بود. همچنین نتایج مقایسه میانگین ارزش جوانی­زنی بذر پسته نشان داد که در ارتفاع پائین، جهت شمال و شیب 0-30 درصد دارای ارزش بالای جوانی­زنی بذر پسته بود. مدت روز جوانه­زنی در جهت جنوب و شیب بالای 60 درصد، بیش­ترین میانگین مدت روز جوانه­زنی و همچنین در دو طبقه ارتفاعی و جهت شرق و غرب و شیب بالای 60 درصد دارای بیش­ترین سرعت جوانه­زنی بذر پسته بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of germination and seedling characteristics of pistachio seed (Pistacia vera L.) in Khajeh Kalat forest of Mashhad

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Fadaei 1
  • Vahid Etemad 2
  • Ehsan Baradaran Sirjani 3
1 Assistant professor of Remote Sensing,Department of Geography, Amin Police University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, University of Tehran, Faculty of Natural Resources, Department of Forestry, Tehran, Iran
3 MSc of Statistics, Department of Statistics, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the valuable species of Iranian forests in Iran and Turan is the wild pistachio species and they have high economic value. Seed production is one of the important topics in forestry and rehabilitation and afforestation programs with seeds and seedlings, and therefore the need to obtain the necessary information about the quality and quantity of seeds of this species is felt more than ever. First, to collect seed samples, a land unit map was prepared. After superimposing the direction, slope and elevation maps, the pistachio seeds were collected from the designated areas. Seeds were collected from 23 sampling areas. Percentage of viability, germination rate, germination value and mean day of germination for each seed mass based on the formulas and calculations of seed testing and the rules of the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) was determined. The results showed that the direction, elevation and slope factor at 1% level had a significant effect on viability, germination value, and mean day of germination and seed germination rate. The results of comparing the means showed that at high elevation and in the direction of north and south and a slope above 60%, pistachio seeds had the highest percentage of viability. Also, the results of comparing the mean value of pistachio seed germination showed that at low elevation, north direction and slope of 0-30%, pistachio seed germination value was high. Mean day of germination in the south direction and slope above 60%, the highest mean day germination and also in two elevation and east and west and slope above 60% had the highest germination rate of pistachio seeds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aspect
  • Elevation
  • Germination
  • Landform and slope
  • Pistachio seeds
  • Viability

مراجع

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علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران
دوره 8، شماره 4
دی 1400
صفحه 357-347

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