بررسی اثر پرایمینگ بذر با سالیسیلیک اسید و آسکوربیک اسید بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه آفتابگردان در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز، تبریز، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مهاباد، مهاباد، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر پرایمینگ بذر با سالیسیلیک اسید و آسکوربیک اسید بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه آفتابگردان، آزمایشی در طی سال­های زراعی 95-1394 به‌صورت آزمایش اسپیلت پلات فاکتوریل با سه تکرار در شرایط آبیاری نرمال و تنش کم­آبی انجام شد. فاکتور اول آبیاری در دو سطح (نرمال و تنش کم­آبی) در کرت­های اصلی و ترکیب فاکتوریل سطوح اسید آسکوربیک (شاهد، 50 و 100 ppm) و سطوح اسید سالیسیلیک (شاهد، 100 و 200 ppm) در کرت‌های فرعی قرار گرفت. تنش کم­آبی تعداد دانه در طبق (44/18 درصد)، وزن هزاردانه (04/17 درصد)، عملکرد دانه (86/40 درصد) و عملکرد روغن را (53/63 درصد) کاهش داد. در بین تیمارهای اثر متقابل آبیاری و سالیسیلیک اسید بالاترین تعداد دانه در طبق (1/1197)، عملکرد دانه (10/10 تن در هکتار) و عملکرد روغن (98/4 تن در هکتار)، به پرایمینگ بذر با سطح 200 ppm سالیسیلیک اسید در شرایط نرمال اختصاص داشت، در بین تیمارهای اثر متقابل آبیاری و آسکوربیک اسید بالاترین تعداد دانه در طبق (9/1121) و عملکرد دانه (13/9 تن در هکتار) به تیمار پرایمینگ با سطح  100ppm در شرایط آبیاری نرمال اختصاص داشت، همچنین در بین تیمارهای اثر متقابل سالیسیلیک اسید و آسکوربیک اسید پرایمینگ بذور با سطح 200 ppm سالیسیلیک اسید همراه با سطح 100 ppm آسکوربیک اسید بالاترین تعداد دانه در طبق (6/10/91)، عملکرد دانه (98/8 تن در هکتار) و عملکرد روغن (58/4 تن در هکتار) را به خود اختصاص دادند. بنابراین جهت دستیابی به حداکثر عملکرد اقتصادی در هر دو شرایط پرایمینگ با سطوح پرایمینگ بذور با سالیسیلیک اسید و آسکوربیک اسید قابل توصیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of seed priming with salicylic acid and ascorbic acid grain yield and yield components of sunflower under water deficit conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shilan Davodi 1
  • Bahram MirShakari 2
  • Touraj MirMahmoodi 3
  • Saman Yazdan Seta 3
  • Farhad Farah Vash 2
1 Ph.D. Candidate of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effects of seed priming with salicylic acid and ascorbic acid on grain yield and yield components of sunflower under water deficit conditions, an experiment was conducted in a split plot factorial experiment with three replications, at 2014-2015 crop season. First factor was irrigation in two levels (normal and water deficit condition) in the main plots and the factorial combination of ascorbic acid levels (control, 50 and 100 ppm) and salicylic acid levels (control, 100 and 200 ppm) were in subplots. The results of the treatments mean comparison showed that the water stress decreased seeds number of head (18.44%), 1000 grain weight (17.44%), grain yield (40.86%) and oil yield (63.53%). Among treatments of interaction between irrigation and salicylic acid, the highest rate of Number of seeds per capita (1197.11), grain yield (10.10 ton/ha), oil yield (4.98 ton/ha), was belonged to seed priming with 200ppm salicylic acid in normal condition. Among irrigation and ascorbic acid treatment interactions, the highest number of seeds per head (1121.9) and grain yield (9.13 ton/ha) was allocated to level of 100ppm ascorbic acid under normal irrigation condition. Among the interactions of salicylic acid and ascorbic acid treatment the highest value of  seeds number of head (1091.6), grain yield (9.98 ton/ha) and oil yield (4.58%), was recorded in seeds priming with 200ppm salicylic and 100ppm ascorbic acid. Therefore, to achieve maximum economic yield in both conditions, seeds priming with salicylic acid and ascorbic acid was recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grain yield
  • Oil percentage
  • Priming
  • Sunflower
  • Water deficit
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