تاثیر اسید سینامیک بر جوانه زنی، بنیه بذر و برخی ویژگی های فیزیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا چشم بلبلی (Vigna unguiculata) توده محلی بسطام حاصل از بذرهای فرسوده و غیرفرسوده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

3 استادیار گروه زیست‌شناسی سلولی مولکولی دانشکده علوم زیستی و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کیفیت پایین بذر ناشی از فرسودگی از عوامل عمده کاهش کیفیت و کمیت تولید در بخش کشاورزی می باشد. به کارگیری ترکیباتی نظیر اسید سینامیک که بهبوددهندگی آن در تنش های محیطی ثابت شده، برای کاهش اثرات مخرب فرسودگی مهم می­باشد. تاثیر پیش­تیمار پنج غلظت CA بر جوانه زنی و بنیه بذر با چهار تکرار در یک آزمایش  فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملا تصادفی در آزمایشگاه بذر دانشگاه وخنینگن و اثر سه غلظت بر صفات فیزیولوژیک و زراعی لوبیا چشم بلبلی در آزمایش مزرعه ای دو ساله در قالب طرح فاکتوریل سه عاملی بر پایه بلوک های کامل تصادفی بررسی گردید. بر اساس نتایج پیش تیمار CA در بذرهای غیرفرسوده تاثیری بر درصد جوانه زنی نداشت اما پیش تیمار غلظت های 15 و 30 میکرومولار سبب بهبود بنیه آن­ها شد. پیش تیمار بذرهای فرسوده با غلظت های 45 و 60 میکرومولار سبب بهبود 13درصدی جوانه زنی و 45 میکرومولار موجب افزایش 38 درصدی بنیه گردید. گیاهان حاصل بر حسب کیفیت اولیه بذر واکنش متفاوتی به CA داشتند. هرگاه CA سبب بهبود صفتی گردید آن صفت در گیاهان حاصل از بذرهایی با کیفیت متفاوت کاهش داشت. در مجموع، در گیاهان حاصل از بذرهای فرسوده محلول پاشی CA در مقایسه با پیش تیمار برای افزایش عملکرد و اجزای آن مفید تر بود. اما در گیاهان حاصل از بذرهای غیرفرسوده برعکس بود. در تجمع ماده خشک، پیش تیمار بذرهای فرسوده در مقایسه با محلول پاشی مفید تر بود. در گیاهان حاصل از بذرهای غیرفرسوده پیش تیمار سبب کاهش این صفت گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of cinnamic acid on germination, seed vigor, some physiological traits, seed yield and yield components of cowpea plants (Vigna unguiculata) from unaged and aged seeds

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Akbari 1
  • Mehdi Baradaran Firozabadi 2
  • Mohammad Reza Amerianuk 2
  • Naser Farrokhi 3
1 Ph.D student of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Low quality of seeds resulting from seed deterioration is of major concerns underlying reduction in both quality and quantity of production in agricultural sector. Therefore, applying compounds like CA to alleviate seed aging deleterious effects and eventually to ensure final crop yield is important. Effects of five different CA on germination percentage and seed vigor were assessed as a factorial based on completely randomized design in seed lab of plant physiology group in Wageningen University.  Effects of three different concentrations of CA on physiological traits, yield and yield components of cowpea plants from seeds with different primary qualities were assessed in a two-year field experiment as factorial based on completely randomized blocks in three replications. Results indicated that CA had no significant effect on germination of unaged seeds, but concentrations of 15 and 30 µM improved seed vigor. In aged seeds CA pretreatment induced a 13-percent (45 and 60 µM) and 38-peercent (45 µM) in germination and seed vigor, respectively. Assessed characteristics differently responded to CA application based on their primary seed quality. So that when the CA application improved a trait, the trait was reduced in plants of different seed primary quality. In total, CA foliar application in plants from aged seeds was more effective to enhance yield and yield components while the reverse result was obtained for plants from unaged seeds.In case of dry matter accumulation, aged seed pretreatment was more effective than foliar application while a reverse result was obtained for plants from unaged seeds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dry matter accumulation
  • Germinations
  • Phenylpropanoid pathway
  • Photosynthesis pigments
  • Seed deterioration
  • Seed improvement techniques
  • Seed vigor
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