تأثیر پیری بذر و هیدروپرایمینگ بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و فعالیت برخی از آنزیم-های آنتی‌اکسیدانت هیبرید ذرت (Zea mays L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی اثر پیری تسریع­شده و هیدروپرایمینگ بذر بر شاخص­های جوانه­زنی و خصوصیات رشدی گیاهچه ذرت (سینگل کراس 701)، آزمایشی طی سال 1394 در آزمایشگاه پژوهشی دانشگاه مراغه به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل سه سطح پیری تسریع­شده بذر (صفر (شاهد)، 2 و 4 روز) و سه سطح پیش­تیمار بذر (بدون پرایمینگ و هیدروپرایمینگ به­مدت 12 و 24 ساعت) بودند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اثر ساده پیری بذر و هیدروپرایمینگ بر تمام صفات مورد مطالعه در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی­دار بود ولی فقط اثر متقابل پیری بذر و هیدروپرایمینگ بر فعالیت آنزیم آسکوربات پراکسیداز، میزان نشت یونی، درصد و سرعت جوانه­زنی معنی­دار بود. در این بین، اثرات ساده و متقابل پیری بذر و هیدروپرایمینگ بر نسبت طولی ساقه­چه به ریشه­چه غیرمعنی­دار بود. نتایج حاصل از مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که در اثر پیری بذر، کلیه صفات مورد مطالعه کاهش یافتند به­طوری­که میزان پروتئین­های محلول، فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، طول ساقه­چه، طول ریشه­چه و شاخص بنیه بذر در اثر پیری 2 روزه به­ترتیب به­میزان 7/13، 9/10، 8/14، 8/14 و 2/33 درصد و در اثر پیری 4 روزه به­ترتیب به­میزان 8/36، 4/33، 4/32، 0/35 و 9/67 درصد نسبت به بذر شاهد (بدون پیری) کاهش یافتند. نتایج نشانگر این مطلب بود که با افزایش مدت زمان هیدوپرایمینگ بذور از 12 به 24 ساعت بر میزان پروتئین­های محلول، فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، طول ساقه­چه، طول ریشه­چه و شاخص بنیه بذر افزوده شد. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از اثرات متقابل مشخص گردید که در بذور شاهد اعمال هیدروپرایمینگ به­مدت 24 ساعت بیش­ترین و در بذور پیرشده (به­مدت 4 روز) عدم هیدروپرایمینگ کم­ترین فعالیت آنزیم آسکوربات پراکسیداز و درصد و سرعت جوانه­زنی را داشتند. با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق می­توان بیان کرد که هیدروپرایمینگ (مخصوصاً به­مدت 24 ساعت) می­تواند برخی از اثرات مخرب و جزئی که طی پیری بذر رخ می­دهند را کاهش دهد و از این تکنیک می­توان برای کاهش خسارات ناشی از پیری بذور ذرت بهره گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of aging of seed and hydro-priming on germination characteristics and activity of some antioxidant enzymes of hybrid corn (Zea mays L.)

نویسنده [English]

  • Majid Abdoli
Ph.D. of Crop Physiology, Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effects of accelerated aging and hydro-priming of seed on germination and growth characteristics of corn seedling (cv. single cross 701), a factorial experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design with three replications in the research laboratory of University of Maragheh, Iran in 2015 year. Factors included three level of accelerated aging of seed (zero (control) and 2 and 4 days) and three level of pre-treatment of seed (Non-priming and hydro-priming for a period of 12 and 24 hours). The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the simple effect of aging of seed and hydro-priming on all studied traits was significant at 1% probability level, but only the interaction of aging of seed and hydro-priming was significant on ascorbate peroxidase activity, electrolyte leakage rate, germination percent and germination rate. Simple and interaction effects of aging of seed and hydro-priming on the ratio of plumule to radicle were non-significant. The results of the mean comparison showed that all of the traits were reduced due to aging of seed. The soluble proteins contents, superoxide dismutase activity, plumule length, radicle length and seed vigor index due to seed aging of 2 days were 13.7, 10.9, 14.8, 14.8 and 33.2%, respectively, and due to seed aging of 4 days, they decreased by 36.8, 33.4, 32.4, 35.0 and 67.9%, respectively, relative to the control (without aging of seed). The results indicated that by increasing the duration of the hydro-priming of seeds from 12 to 24 hours, the soluble proteins contents, superoxide dismutase activity, plumule length, radicle length and seed vigor index were increased. Based on the results of interaction effects it was found that in the non-aged seed (control) applying hydro-priming for 24 hours was the highest and in the aged seeds (for 4 days), no hydro-priming had the least ascorbate peroxidase activity and percentage and germination rate. According to the results of this research, it can be stated that hydro-priming (especially for 24 hours) can decrease some of the destructive and minor effects of seed aging, and this technique can be used for reduction of the damage caused by the aging of corn seeds.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Accelerated aging
  • Corn
  • Seedling length
  • Seed pre-treatment
  • Seed vigor
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