تأثیر روکش بذر با مکمل‏های حاوی عناصر غذایی و محرک‏های رشد بر استقرار بوته و مراحل اولیه رشد چغندرقند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 محقق پژوهشی موسسه اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

این تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیر روکش بذر با مکمل‏های حاوی عناصر غذایی و محرک‏های رشد فسنوترن، آمینول‏فورته، هیومی‏فورته و هیومیکا بر استقرار و رشد گیاهچه چغندرقند در سال 1395 در دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی تحت شرایط مزرعه‏ انجام شد. آزمایش به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار به اجرا درآمد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل شستشوی بذر (شستشو و عدم شستشو)، رقم (شکوفا و پارس) و مقادیر مختلف فرآورده‏های فسنوترن (62/12، 24/25 و 5/50 میلی‏لیتر در کیلوگرم بذر)، آمینول‏فورته (62/12، 24/25 و 5/50 میلی‏لیتر در کیلوگرم بذر)، هیومی‏فورته (62/12، 24/25 و 5/50 میلی‏لیتر در کیلوگرم بذر) و هیومیکا (10، 20 و 30 میلی‏لیتر در کیلوگرم بذر) به­همراه تیمار شاهد (بدون روکش) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که شستشوی بذر اختلاف بین هیبریدها را از نظر رسیدن به 90 درصد سبزشدن کاهش داد و هر دو هیبرید به­طور همزمان و سریع­تر سبز شدند. نتایج نشان داد که روکش بذر با هیومیکا در هر دو هیبرید باعث افزایش درصد استقرار بوته شد و تیمار روکش بذر با فسنوترن نسبت به دیگر تیمارها دارای کم­ترین درصد استقرار بوته بود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که روکش‏دارکردن بذر بعد از شستشوی بذر کارایی روکش‏‏دارکردن بذر چغندرقند را افزایش داد. به‏طوری­که درصد استقرار بوته در تمامی تیمارهای روکش بذر بعد از تیمار شستشوی بذر در مقایسه با روکش بذر بدون شستشوی قبلی بذر، به­طور قابل توجهی بیش­تر بود. وزن خشک برگ در تمامی تیمارهای روکش بذر به غیر از روکش بذر با فسنوترن (50/50 میلی‏لیتر در کیلوگرم بذر) نسبت به تیمار شاهد بیش­تر بود و در بین تیمارها نیز تیمار روکش بذر با هیومیکا (30 میلی‏لیتر در هر کیلوگرم بذر) دارای بیش­ترین وزن خشک برگ بود. در بین تیمارهای مختلف، روکش بذر با هیومیکا و آمینول‏فورته در هیبرید پارس و بعد از شستشوی بذر از بیش­ترین وزن خشک ریشه برخوردار بود. در این تحقیق حداکثر شاخص کلروفیل کل و عملکرد کوانتومی فتوسیستم II در سطح 30 میلی‏لیتر هیومیکا در هر کیلوگرم بذر مشاهده گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of seed coating with fertilizer containing nutrients and growth stimulants on plant establishment and seedling growth of sugar beet

نویسندگان [English]

  • Salim Farzaneh 1
  • Raouf Seyed Sharifi 2
  • Sahram Kadihodad 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardebili, Ardebil, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardebili, Ardebil, Iran
3 Researcher, Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization. (AREEO). Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of seed coating with fertilizer containing nutrients and growth stimulants of Fosnotron, Aminol-forte, Humi-forte and Humica on the establishment and growth of sugar beet seedlings at Mohaghegh Ardebil University in 2017 under field conditions. The experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with four replications.  Seed washing (washing without washing), hybrid seeds (Shokoufa-Pars), and seed coating with various amounts of fertilizer containing nutrients and growth stimulants of Fosnotron (12.62, 25.24 and 50.50 ml /kg seed), Aminol-forte (12.62, 25.24 and 50.50 ml /kg of seed), Humi-forte (12.62, 25.24 and 50.50 ml /kg of seed) and Humica (10, 20 and 30 ml /kg of seed), which contains 12 treatments, were treated with a control (no cover-up) were the experimental factors. The results showed that seed washing reduced the difference between hybrids in terms of time to 90 % emergence and both hybrids grew simultaneously and faster. Seed coating with Humica increased the percentage of plant establishment in both hybrids. Seed treatment with Fosnotron had the lowest percentage of plant establishment compared to other treatments. The results of this study showed that seed coating after seed washing increased the effectiveness of sugar beet seed coating. So, the percentage of plant establishment in all treatments of seed coating after seed washing treatment was significantly higher than that of seed coating without washing. Dry weight of leaf was higher in all seed treatments other than seed coating with Fosnotron (50.50 ml / kg seed) compared to control treatment. Among treatments, seed coating with Humica (30 ml / kg seed) with dry leaf weight of 19.89 g had the highest leaf dry weight. Among different treatments, Seed coating with Humica and Aminole-Forte in Pars hybrid and after seed washing had the highest root dry weight. In this study, maximum chlorophyll index and quantum function of Photosystem II at 30 ml Humeika per kg of seed were observed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll index
  • Dry weight
  • Monogerm seed
  • Time of emergence
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