ارزیابی صدمات فیزیکی، جوانه‌زنی و بنیه بذر لاین‌های والدین ذرت هیبرید در ماشین دانه‌کن بلال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیأت علمی (دانشیار پژوهش) مؤسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

2 عضو هیأت علمی (دانشیار پژوهش) مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

ماشین دانه‌کن (شیلر) بلال از تجهیزات مهم در فرایند تولید بذر ذرت بوده و عملکرد صحیح آن در کاهش میزان تلفات بذر و یکنواختی بذور تولید شده موثر می‌‌باشد. در این تحقیق صدمات فیزیکی، جوانه­زنی و بنیه بذر لاین­های اینبرد والدین ذرت هیبرید دانه­شده با ماشین دانه‌کن بلال ارزیابی شد. پارامترهای بررسی­شده شامل راندمان جدا سازی بذر از بلال، راندمان تمیزش و ظرفیت عملکردی ماشین، درصد بذرهای صدمه­دیده، تغییرات درصد جوانه­زنی و درصد خروج ریشه­چه بذرهای ذرت قبل و بعد از ماشین دانه­کن بلال بودند که تغییرات میانگین­های آن­ها با استفاده از آزمون تی استیودنت نیز مقایسه شد. نتایج بدست­آمده نشان داد که در شرایط خوراک­دهی مناسب دستگاه و ظرفیت عملکردی در حدود 7/2 تن در ساعت، بذرهای بیش از 99 درصد از بلال‌های ورودی دانه شد. همچنین برای بذرهای دارای رطوبت کم­تر از 13 درصد، صدمات فیزیکی (شکستگی) بذر تغییرات معنی­داری نداشت و کم­تر از 4/0 درصد بود. میزان تمیزش بذرهای خارج­شده از خروجی اصلی حدود 95 درصد و میزان بذر‌های باقی­مانده روی چوب بلال کم­تر از 1 درصد به­دست آمد. علاوه بر موارد ذکر شده عملکرد ماشین تأثیر منفی معنی­داری بر درصد جوانه­زنی بذر و خروج ریشه­چه نداشته و تغییرات کاهشی آن­ها به­ترتیب کم­تر از 5/0 و 2 درصد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of physical damage, germination and vigor of hybrid maize parental lines seeds in Sheller machine

نویسندگان [English]

  • HamidReza Gazor 1
  • Aidin Hamidi 2
1 Research Associate Professor of Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
2 Research Associate Professor of Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Maize ear Sheller has important role in maize seed processing system. In this research, technical operation of a fabricated maize ear Sheller by Iranian company was investigated. Operational capacity, shelling efficiency, cleaning efficiency and seed damage percentage were studied. In addition, germination and rootlet percentages of shelled maize seeds were analyzed using T-student test. Results showed that, fabricated Sheller has suitable operation. Operational capacity calculated 2.7 (ton/h) in normal condition. When moisture content of maize seed was less than 13% (w.b) and Sheller had suitable feeding, more than 99% of cobs were shelled and physical damages of seed decreased to less than 0.4%. Cleaning efficiency for output maize seeds was 95% and seed remained on cob was less than 1%. Shelling operation did not have negative significant effects on germination and rootlet percentages of maize seeds and reduced less than 0.5 and 2% respectively. This machine can be recommended for medium scale corn seed fields.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corn
  • Processing
  • Sheller
  • Shelling
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