بررسی تیمارهای شکست خواب و برخی خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی بذر گیاه دارویی گل حسرت (Colchicum kotschyi Boiss.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استاد گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

5 دانشیار گروه خاکشناسی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور ارزیابی رفتار جوانه­زنی بذر گل حسرتتحت شرایط آزمایشگاهی، آزمایشی به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل چینه­بندی (پرایمینگ) در سه سطح (چینه­بندی گرمایی، چینه­بندی سرمایی و شاهد)، اسیدجیبرلیک در دو سطح (صفر و 500 پی­پی­ام) و دماهای انکوباسیون در 8 سطح (2، 5، 10، 15، 20، 25، 30 و 35 درجه سلسیوس) بود. پس از اعمال تیمارهای چینه­بندی، تیمار اسیدجیبرلیک اعمال و سپس ارزیابی واکنش جوانه­زنی بذر در دماهای ثابت درون ژرمیناتور انجام گرفت. درصد، سرعت، یکنواختی و میانگین زمان جوانه­زنی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تنها در تیمار چینه­بندی گرمایی، جوانه­زنی انجام شد. اثر دما بر کلیه صفات مورد مطالعه معنی­دار بود. جوانه­زنی با روند بسیار کندی آغاز شد، پس از قرارگرفتن بذرها در دماهای انکوباسیون، حداقل 40 روز طول کشید تا اولین جوانه­ها ظاهر شوند. با افزایش دما در بازه دمایی 5 تا 15 درجه سلسیوس درصد جوانه­زنی افزایش یافت و پس از آن با افزایش دما از 15 درجه به بعد کاهش درصد جوانه­زنی مشاهده شد و در 25 درجه سلسیوس جوانه­زنی متوقف گردید. یکنواختی جوانه­زنی در دمای 20 درجه سلسیوس بیش­تر از سایر دماها بود. بالاترین میانگین زمان جوانه­زنی در 20 درجه و کم­ترین آن در 15 درجه سلسیوس به­دست آمد. اسیدجیبرلیک (به­صورت منفرد) اثری روی جوانه­زنی نداشت. بر اساس تخمین دو مدل برازش داده شده، دماهای پایه، مطلوب و حداکثر به­ترتیب در دامنه (72/1-38/1)، (10/16-75/12) و (65/25-12/24) درجه سلسیوس به­دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on seed dormancy breakage treatments and some germination properties of Colchicum kotschyi Boiss. as a medicinal plant

نویسندگان [English]

  • Homa Azizi 1
  • Parviz Rezvani Moghaddam 2
  • Mahdi Parsa 3
  • Mahmood Shoor 4
  • Reza Khorasani 5
1 PhD student in Crop Ecology, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
5 Associate Professor, Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate germination behavior of Colchicum seed, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on a randomized complete design with four replications. The experimental treatments were all combination of priming at three levels (warm stratification, cold stratification, control), gibberellic acid at two levels (0,500 ppm) and incubation temperatures at 8 levels (2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35). After applying the priming treatments, gibberellic acid treatment was applied and then the response of seed germination at constant temperatures were assessed in the germinator. The effect of temperature on germination components was significant. Germination was occurred only in warm stratification. Generally, germination was started by a very slow trend and after seeds were set at incubation temperatures, at least 40 days were lasted to germination occurred. There was no germination at 2°C. By increasing temperature at a range of 5-15°C, germination percentage was increased and then was stopped at 25°C. Germination uniformity at 20°C was more than other temperatures. The meanest germination time was observed at 20°C and the least mean germination time was at 15°C. Gibberellic acid (single application) had no effect on seed germination. Based on two regression models, the cardinal temperatures (Tbase, Topt, Tmax) were (1.38-1.72°C), (12.75-16.10°C) and (24.12-25.65°C), respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cardinal temperatures
  • Germination uniformity
  • Morphophysiological dormancy
  • Priming

مراجع

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علوم و تحقیقات بذر ایران
دوره 6، شماره 3
مهر 1398
صفحه 399-410

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