بررسی روش‌های مختلف تحریک جوانه‌زنی و شکست خواب بر بذر گیاه کنگر (Gundelia tournefortii)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری بیابان‌زدایی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کاشان، کاشان، ایران

چکیده

نظر به اهمیت روز­افزون بهره­برداری­های چندگانه از گیاهان بومی مناطق خشک، در این تحقیق روش­های بهبود جوانه­زنی کنگر (Gundelia tournefortii)، گونۀ گیاهی مناطق سرد و خشک، دارای ارزش خوراکی و دارویی، مورد توجه قرار گرفت. تیمارها در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی بر بذرهای کنگر اعمال و سپس درصد و سرعت جوانه­زنی، رشد طول محور زیرلپه و ریشه­چه آن­ها در داخل ژرمیناتور و دمای 1±25 درجه سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 3±70 درصد بررسی شد. تیمارها شامل شوک گرمایی (15 و30 دقیقه- 70 درجه سلسیوس) و چینه سرمایی (7 و 14 روز)، اسید سولفوریک 98 درصد (10 و 20 دقیقه)، جیبرلیک اسید با غلظت­های 300 و 500 پی­پی­ام (24 و 48 ساعت) و هیومیک اسید (26 و 54 میلی­گرم در لیتر)، تلفیق سرمادهی و جیبرلیک اسید و شاهد (آب مقطر) بود. نتایج نشان­دهنده افزایش سرعت و درصد جوانه­زنی، طول محور زیر لپه و ریشه­چه بذور در تیمارهای هورمونی، شبه هورمونی و سرمادهی نسبت به شاهد در سطح 5 درصد بود و فقط تیمارهای اسید سولفوریک و حرارتی مانع از رشد مناسب ریشه­چه و ساقه­چه بذور شد. موفق­ترین تیمار نیز تیمارهای تلفیقی جیبرلین با غلظت 500 پی­پی­ام و سرما (7 و 14 روز) با جوانه­زنی در حدود 80 درصد بود. استفاده از این تیمار سرعت رشد جوانه را نیز بهبود بخشیده و باعث افزایش طول محور زیر لپه و ریشه­چه شدند. همچنین چینه سرمایی (7 و 14 روز) با افزایش جوانه­زنی در حدود 70 درصد و بهبود رشد ریشه­چه و ساقه­چه و مقرون به صرفه بودن آن، به­عنوان یکی از مناسب­ترین شیوه­ها برای تحریک جوانه­زنی کنگر پیشنهاد می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of different treatments on seeds dormancy and germination of Gundelia tournefortii

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fateme Panahi 1
  • Mina Arast 2
1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
2 Ph.D student of Combat Desertification, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Due to the increasing importance of on multiple uses native plants of dry lands, methods of improving seed germination rates of Gundelia tournefortii, a cold and arid land species with pharmacological and edible values, were investigated. Dormancy breaking treatments were applied in a completely randomized design. Seeds were then set in a germinator (25±1˚C - 70±3 %) and germination velocity and percentage and radicle and plumule length were recorded. Different treatments were applied including humic acid (for 26 and 54 mg/L), scarification H2SO4 (10 and 20 min), soaking in 300 and 500 ppm gibberellic acid (for 24 and 48 hours), temperature (15 and 30 min- 70˚C), Chilling (7 and 14 days- 4˚C), a complex treatment of Chilling (7 and 14 days- 4˚C) and gibberellic acid 500 ppm for (24 and 48 hours), and distilled water as control treatment. Results showed germination percentage and velocity and radicle and plumule length increase in all treatments rather than control. Only sulfuric acid and heat treatments prevented adequate radicle and plumule length growth. In the current study, the most successful treatment is the complex treatment of Chilling (7 and 14 days- 4˚C) and 500 ppm gibberellic acid which increased germination percentage to about 84% and also germination velocity to a high rate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arid and cold areas
  • Chilling
  • Gibberellic acid
  • Humic acid
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