بررسی تغذیه با عناصر ریزمغذی بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی بذر تولیدی آمارانت رقم کونیز

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استاد

چکیده

کاربرد کود ها از مهمترین عوامل مدیریتی در سطح مزارع است. اما بسته به شرایط آب و هوایی، دوره رشدی گیاه، شرایط خاک و رقم، میزان کاربرد کود ها متغیراست. این بررسی با هدف تعیین بهترین مقدار و زمان مصرف کودهای میکرو روی، آهن و منگنز بر عملکرد و کیفیت بذر تولیدی آمارانت است.. آزمایش مزرعه‌ای به صورت تجزیه مرکب فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و در سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی (94-1393) در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ملکان انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل کودهای میکرو (آهن، روی و منگنز) هر کدام در چهار غلطت مختلف (7 و 5، 3 در هزار و صفر یا عدم مصرف) و در سه مرحله مصرف (رویشی، رویشی+زایشی و رویشی+زایشی+پرشدن بذر) در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج حاصله نشان داد که بیشترین تعداد بذر و عملکرد بذر (به ترتیب 4460 عدد و 99/17گرم در بوته) با کاربرد غلظت 7 در هزار روی به دست آمد که در مقایسه با شاهد 24/29 درصد بیشتر بود. کود آهن نیز افزایش معنی داری را در این صفات باعث شد، ولی منگنز تاثیر معنی داری بر عملکرد دانه نداشت. تغییرات ناشی از تیمار های موررد بررسی در عملکرد دانه، ناشی از تغییرات تعداد دانه بود که یکی از دلایل آن تغیرر تعداد پانیکول های تولیدی بود که نتایج حاصل از مطالعه همبستگی صفات، تاییدی بر این مدعاست. بیشترین میزان پروتئین بذر با محلول‌پاشی 7 در هزار عناصر میکرو کامل حاصل شد. کاربرد غلظت 5 در هزار آهن منجر به حداکثر محتوای کلروفیل برگ (CCI 1/32) گردید. حداکثر روغن بذر و عملکرد روغن (به ترتیب 59/33 درصد و 083/6 گرم در بوته) در صورت محلول‌پاشی با روی در غلظت 7 در هزار حاصل گردید. در این بررسی عملکرد بذر با صفات ارتفاع بوته، سطح برگ، شاخص کلروفیل، تعداد دانه و عملکرد روغن همبستگی معنی‌دار و مثبتی را نشان داد. در کل بهترین تیمار از نظر عملکرد دانه و روغن و اجزای آن، محلول‌پاشی 7 در هزار عنصر روی و بهترین تیمار از نظر میزان پروتئین دانه غلظت 7 در هزار عناصر میکرو بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Nutritional assessment of micronutrients on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of amaranth seed production (Koniz)

نویسنده [English]

  • Elnaz Farajzadeh
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to determine the best amount and timing of fertilizer micro zinc, iron and manganese on yield and seed quality is produced by Amaranth. Field experiments for combined analysis factorial randomized complete block design with three replications in two years (2014-2015) were conducted at the research station of Islamic Azad University of Malekan. The factors included micro fertilizers (iron, zinc and manganese), four different concentrations (7, 5, 3 per thousand and zero or non-use) and three stages (vegetative, reproductive and vegetative + reproductive + grain filling) was considered. The results showed that the highest number of seeds and grain yield (respectively 4460 number 17/99 gr/crop) were obtained using an iron concentration of 7 per thousand. Grain yield increase of 29/24 percent than control. The highest protein content was obtained by foliar application 7 per thousand micronutrients. Maximum panicle was 3/042 number by foliar application 7 per thousand on three phases. Maximum chlorophyll content (32/1 CCI) by application iron with 5 per thousand concentration. The maximum oil grain and oil yield, respectively (33/59%) and (6/083 gr/crop) if foliar application with zinc 7 per thousand concentrations were obtained. Based on the results of traits for fertilizer micro traits can be stated that maximum of the grain, grain yield, oil content and oil yield was achieved by foliar application 7 per thousand element and 7 per thousand micro elements concentration of protein content increased.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Amaranth
  • Grain yield and yield components
  • Nutrients
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