تاثیر نانواکسید روی و تنش خشکی بر فعالیت آنزیم‌های هیدرولیتیک و تحرک ذخایر غذایی بذر سویا (Glycine max. L) رقم کتول (DPX)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی

2 دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی تأثیر نانواکسید روی و خشکی ناشی از پلی­اتیلن­گلایکول بر میزان فعالیت آنزیم­های هیدرولیتیک و تحرک ذخایر غذایی بذر سویا آزمایشی در سال 1395 در دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سه سطح تنش خشکی (صفر، 7/0- و 4/1- مگاپاسکال) و غلظت­های مختلف نانواکسید روی (صفر، 75/0 و 5/1 گرم در لیتر) بود. درصد و سرعت جوانه­زنی، طول و وزن خشک گیاهچه، فعالیت آنزیم­های هیدرولیتیک (آلفا­آمیلاز، پروتئاز و لیپاز) و روند تحرک ذخایر بذر (کربوهیدرات، پروتئین و لیپید) اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج آزمایش نشان­دهنده تأثیر مثبت نانواکسید روی بر درصد و سرعت جوانه­زنی، فعالیت آنزیم­های هیدرولیتیک و تحرک ذخایر کربوهیدرات، پروتئین و لیپید بود، به­طوری­که کاربرد 5/1 گرم در لیتر نانواکسید روی منجر به افزایش فعالیت آنزیم­های لیپاز، پروتئاز و آلفاآمیلاز به ترتیب به میزان 75/11، 75/12 و 87/11 درصد در خشکی شدید نسبت به شاهد بدون تنش گردید. تنش خشکی نیز علاوه بر کاهش فعالیت آنزیم­های هیدرولیتیک، از میزان تحرک ذخایر غذایی کاست. همچنین با گذشت زمان آبنوشی از میزان تحرک کربوهیدرات­ها، پروتئین و لیپیدها بر اثر تنش خشکی کاسته شد، در حالی که کاربرد نانواکسید روی میزان تحرک ذخایر بذر را که بیانگر مصرف آن­ها در رشد و تولید وزن خشک بیشتر گیاهچه است، افزایش داد. با توجه به تاثیر مثبت نانواکسید روی بر کاهش آسیب­های ناشی از تنش خشکی و همچنین افزایش کارایی مصرف ذخایر غذایی، فعالیت آنزیم­های هیدرولیتیک و درصد جوانه­زنی به نظر می­رسد که کاربرد نانواکسید روی به میزان 5/1 گرم در لیتر موجب بهبود جوانه­زنی سویا تحت شرایط خشکی خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of nano-zinc oxide and drought stress on the activity of hydrolytic enzymes and seed reserves mobilization of soybean (Glycine max. L) cultivar Katul (DPX)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Sedghi 1
  • Sahar Tolouie 2
1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran
2 university of tabriz
چکیده [English]

To evaluate the effect of drought stress originated from poly ethylene glycol and application of nano ZnO on the activity of hydrolytic enzymes and soybean seed reserves mobilization a factorial experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design with three replications at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2016. Treatments were drought stress at three levels as 0, -0.7 and -1.4 MPa and nano zinc oxide at the concentrations of 0, 0.75 and 1.5 g lit-1. Germination percentage and rate, seedling length and dry weight, activity of hydrolytic enzymes (alpha-amylase, protease and lipase) and seed reserves (carbohydrate, protein and lipid) mobilization were measured. Results showed that nano zinc oxide had the positive effect on germination percentage and rate, activity of hydrolytic enzymes and mobilization of carbohydrate, lipid and protein reserves. So that application of 1.5 g lit-1 of nano ZnO increased the activity of lipase, protease and α-amylase about 11.75, 12.75 and 11.87%, respectively in severe drought stress compared to non-stress condition. Drought stress also decreased the seed reserves mobilization in addition to reducing the activity of hydrolytic enzymes. There was a reduction trend in the mobilization of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins under drought stress with the increasing in imbibition time, while application of nano ZnO increased the mobilization of seed reserves which is the indicator of growth and production of higher seedling dry weight. Considering the ameliorative effect of nano ZnO on the damages due to drought stress and increasing the seed reserves using efficiency, activity of hydrolytic enzymes and germination percentage it seems that application of nano ZnO in the concentration of 1.5 g lit-1 will improve the soybean seed germination under drought conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • α-Amylase
  • Lipase
  • Protease
  • Seed reserves mobilization
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