تاثیر هالوپرایمینگ بذر بر جوانه ‏زنی و خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک گیاهچه ارقام گندم (Triticum aestivum) قدس و نیک نژاد در شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

هیات علمی

چکیده

آزمایش به منظور تاثیر پرایمینگ بذر گندم با محلول نمکی بر جوانه زنی، محتوی برخی هورمون ها و پایداری غشا سلولی در شرایط تنش شوری انجام شد. آزمایش بر اساس آزمایش فاکتوریل با سه فاکتور در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در چهار تکرار انجام شد. فاکتور اول سطوح تنش شوری (0 و 100 میلی مولار نمک کلرید سدیم)، فاکتور دوم سطوح پرایمینگ بذر (0، 1درصد، 2 درصد و 3 درصد نیترات پتاسیم) و فاکتور سوم ارقام گندم شامل رقم نیک نژاد (متحمل یه شوری) و رقم قدس (حساس به شوری) بود. پرایمینگ بذر گندم با نمک نیترات پتاسیم سبب افزایش جوانه زنی بذر، فعالیت آنزیم ‌های آنتی اکسیدان، فعالیت آنزیم آلفا آمیلاز و محتوی اسید جیبرلیک گیاهچه شد در حالیکه غلظت مالون دی آلدهید و محتوی اسید آبسیزیک گیاهچه را کاهش داد. در شرایط تنش شوری بیشترین درصد جوانه زنی بذر رقم نیک نژاد تحت تاثیر تیمارهای پرایمینگ با محلول 2 درصد و 3 درصد نیترات پتاسیم به میزان 1/87 درصد و 9/87 درصد مشاهده شد در حالیکه بیشترین جوانه زنی بذر رقم قدس در تیمار 3 درصد نیترات پتاسیم به میزان 75 درصد مشاهده شد. در شرایط تنش شوری تمام تیمارهای پرایمینگ بذر موجب کاهش محتوی اسید آبسیزیک گیاهچه رقم نیک نژاد شد  اما  در رقم قدس پرایمینگ بذر با محلول 2 و 3 درصد نیترات پتاسیم محتوی اسید آبسیزیک گیاهچه را در مقایسه با شاهد کاهش داد. پرایمینگ بذر سبب افزایش پایداری غشا سلولی هر دو رقم گندم شد و کمترین میزان مالون دی آلدهید هر دو رقم گندم در گیاهچه حاصل از بذرهای پرایم شده با پرایمینگ با محلول 2 درصد و 3 درصد نیترات پتاسیم مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد پرایمینگ بذر گندم با نمک نیترات پتاسیم یک روش موثر جهت تقویت جوانه زنی بذر و غلبه بر شرایط نامساعد ناشی از تنش شوری در دوره رشد گیاهچه گندم است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of seed halopriming on germination and seedling physiological characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars Niknijad and Qods under salt stress condition

نویسنده [English]

  • Rozbeh Farhoudi
Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar branch
چکیده [English]

Halopriming involves pre-sowing soaking of seeds in salt solutions, which enhances germination and seedling emergence uniformity under adverse environmental conditions. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of halopriming on the germination, malondialdehyde concentration and some hormones contents of wheat seeds under salinity stress. The experimental design was three factors factorial arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD), with four replications. The first factor was salinity stress (0 and 100 mmol NaCl solution), the second factor was priming concentration (1, 2 and 3% concentration of KNO3) and third factor was two wheat cultivars including Niknijad (salt tolerance) and Qods (salt sensitive). Remarkable decreases were observed in seed germination, seedling lenght, α-amylase activity and GA3 content ofboth wheat cultivars, especially in Qods under salinity stress condition. Wheat seed piming with KNO3 increased seed germination, antioxidants enzymes activities, α-amylase activity, GA3 concentration and reduced lipid peroxidation and ABA compared with other priming treatments in both wheat cultivars. Under salinity condition maximum Niknejad seed germination was observed in seeds primed with 2% and 3% KNO3 solutions (87.1% and 87.9 % respectively) and maximum seed germination in Qods seedling obtained in seed treated with 3% KNO3 solutions (75%). All KNO3 seed priming treatments decreased ABA content in Niknejad seeling but Qods seed priming with 2% ans 3% KNO3 solutions decreased ABA content compared non-primed seeds (113 and 101 µg g-1 respectively). Seed priming improved cell membrane stability in both wheat cultivars and the lowest malondialdehyde concentration under salinity stress obtained from seeds primed with 2% ans 3% KNO3 solutions in both wheat cultivars. In conclusion, KNO3 seed priming appears to be an appropriate treatment to improve wheat emergence and overall seedling establishment under salinity conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • α-amylase activity
  • antioxidants enzymes
  • ABA
  • GA3
  • KNO3
  • Malondialdehyde
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