شکستن خواب و بهبود جوانه‌زنی بذر چهار گونه گیاه دارویی از تیره چتریان تحت تأثیر تیمارهای اسید جیبرلیک و سرمادهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه زراعت

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه باغبانی، جهاد دانشگاهی کرمانشاه

3 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه

چکیده

گیاهان تیره چتریان به دلیل اهمیت دارویی و اقتصادی بالا، یکی از مهمترین تیره­های گیاهی محسوب می­شوند. وجود خواب در بذر گیاهان این تیره یکی از موانع عمده جهت کشت و اهلی کردن آنها می­باشد. این پژوهش به منظور تعیین بهترین تیمار جهت شکستن خواب در بذر چهار گونه دارویی مهم از تیره چتریان شامل آنغوزه (Ferula assafoetida)، باریجه (Ferula gummosa)، کرفس کوهی (Kelussia odoratissma) و زیره سیاه (Carum carvi L.) انجام گرفت. بدین منظور برای هر گونه 14 تیمار شامل شاهد، سرمادهی مرطوب در مدت زمان­های 10، 20، 30، 40، 50، 70 و 90 روز، جیبرلیک اسید 200، 400، 600 و 800 پی­پی­­ام، تیمار تلفیقی جیبرلیک اسید 400 پی­پی­ام به همراه سرمادهی 30 و 70 روز در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار تکرار مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که در هر چهار گونه با افزایش مدت زمان سرمادهی و افزایش غلظت جیبرلیک اسید، درصد و سرعت جوانه­زنی، طول ریشه­چه و ساقه­چه و شاخص بنیه بذر بهبود و نسبت به شاهد تفاوت معنی­داری پیدا کردند. تیمار تلفیقی سرمادهی 70 روز به همراه جیبرلیک اسید 400 پی­پی­ام بهترین تیمار برای شکستن خواب بذرهای آنغوزه (88 درصد)، باریجه (95 درصد) و کرفس کوهی (87 درصد)، همچنین تیمار سرمادهی 90 روز بهترین تیمار برای شکستن خواب بذرهای زیره سیاه (87 درصد) بودند. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده و نظر به اینکه تیمار جیبرلیک اسید توانست جانشین بخشی از نیاز سرمای جهت شکستن خواب شود، می­توان نتیجه گرفت که بذرهای مورد مطالعه دارای درجات مختلفی از خواب فیزیولوژیکی می­باشند

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Breaking seed dormancy and improve germination of four medicinal species of apiaceae by gibberellic acid and prechilling treatments

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Sharifi 1
  • Almas Nemati 2
  • Mohammad Gerdakaneh 3
1 Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Apiaceae plants are one of the most important plant families due to high medicinal and economic importance. Existence seed dormancy in this family is one of major obstacles for cultivation and domestication of them. This research was performed to determine the best treatment for breaking seed dormancy and improve germination four key medicinal species seeds of apiaceae family including Ferula assafoetida, Ferula gummosa, Kelussia odoratissma and Carum carvi L. For each specie has been studied 14 treatment including control, prechilling for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 70, 90 days, gibberellic acid 200, 400, 600, 800 ppm, integrated treatment gibberellic acid 400 ppm with  cold 30 and 70 days in a completely randomized design with four replications. The results showed that four species found significant differences compared to the control by increasing time of cold, density of gibberellic acid, germination percent, germination rate, radicle length, plumule length and seed vigor. Integrated treatment cold 70 days  with gibberellic acid 400 ppm were the best treatment for breaking  seeds dormancy of  Ferula assafoetida (88%), Ferula gummosa (95%), Kelussia odoratissa (87%),also cold treatment 90 days, the best treatment for breaking seeds dormancy Carum carvi L. (87%). According to the results, gibberellic acid treatment could be replaced part of cold needs for breaking seed dormancy, however, it is possible, four species seeds have physiological dormancy type

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Germination percent
  • Germination rate
  • Physiological dormancy
  • Seed vigor
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