کمی‌سازی اثر تنش‌های خشکی و شوری بر جوانه‌زنی بذرهای کنجد شیطان (Cleome viscose L.) و طحله (Corchorus olitorius L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

2 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

چکیده

کنجد شیطان (Cleome viscose L.) و طحله (Corchorus olitorius L.) از علف‌های هرز مهم مزارع ذرت خوزستان محسوب می‌شوند. لذا این مطالعه با هدف کمی‌سازی اثرات کاهش پتانسیل آب و سطوح شوری بر جوانه‌زنی گونه‌های مذکور طراحی شد. برای توصیف اثر کاهش پتانسیل آب بر جوانه‏زنی بذر این دو علف‌هرز از محلول‌های اسمزی با غلظت‌های 0، 2/0-، 4/0-، 6/0-، 8/0- و 0/1- مگاپاسکال و برای تعیین اثر تنش شوری بر جوانه‌زنی از محلول‏های 0، 50، 100، 150، 200، 250، 300، 400 و 500 میلی‌مولار کلرید سدیم (NaCl) استفاده شد. ثابت هیدروتایم (Hθ)، آستانه پتانسیل آب برای شروع جوانه‌زنی (Ψb(0)) و میانه پتانسیل آب پایه (Ψb(50)) برای کنجد شیطان به­ترتیب معادل 30/14 مگاپاسکال ساعت، 32/1- و 89/0- مگاپاسکال و برای طحله به­ترتیب معادل 85/11 مگاپاسکال ساعت، 13/1- و 88/0- مگاپاسکال برآورد شد. آستانه پاسخ کنجد شیطان برای 50 درصد کاهش حداکثر جوانه‌زنی به شوری معادل 80/246 میلی‌مولار و برای طحله معادل 217 میلی‌مولار بود. در مجموع، مرحله جوانه‌زنی بذر علف‌های هرز کنجد شیطان و طحله نسبت به تنش خشکی نسبتاً متحمل و به تنش شوری متحمل بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Quantifying the effect of osmotic and salt stress on germination of Egyptian spinach (Corchorus olitorius L.) and Asian spiderflower (Cleome viscosa L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Elahi Fard 1
  • Abolfazl Derkhshan 2
چکیده [English]

Egyptian spinach (Corchorus olitorius L.) and Asian spiderflower (Cleome viscosa L.) are two of most important weeds in Khouzestan province corn fields. This experiment was conducted to quantifying the effect of osmotic and salt stress on germination of these weeds. In order to describing effect of reduced water potential on germination of these weeds solutions were prepared with osmotic potentials of 0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8 and -1.0 MPa by dissolving appropriate amounts of polyethylene glycol 6000 in distilled water. Also, Water solutions with salinity of 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400 and 500 mM were prepared by dissolving NaCl in distilled water. The hydrotime constant (θH), the base or threshold water potential (Ψb(0)) and the median base water potential (Ψb(50)) of these weeds were as follows: C. viscose (14.30 MPa h, -1.32 and 0.89 MPa) and C. olitorius (11.85, -1.13 and -0.88 MPa), respectively. Threshold response of 50% maximum germination reduction to salinity of C. viscose and C. olitorius were 246.80 mM and 217.00 mM, respectively. Totally, seed germination of C. viscose and C. olitorius were partially tolerate and tolerant to osmotic stress and salinity, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecology of Seed Germination
  • Hydrotime
  • Modeling
  • Weibull
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