تأثیر بیوپرایمینگ بذر با قارچ‌های Piriformospora indica و Trichoderma virens بر مؤلفه‌های رویشی، مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاهچه ماش سبز (Vigna radiata L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 دانشیار گروه زراعت ، پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست فناوری کشاورزی طبرستان، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

3 دانشجوی دکتری زراعت، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت روزافزون کاربرد کودهای زیستی در راستای نیل به کشاورزی پایدار، مطالعه حاضر جهت بررسی تأثیر بیوپرایمینگ بذر با قارچ‌های Piriformospora indicaو Trichoderma virens بر مؤلفه‌های رویشی، مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاهچه ماش سبز (Vigna radiata L.) اجرا گردید. آزمایش با چهار سطح تلقیح قارچی شامل عدم تلقیح (شاهد)، تلقیح قارچ اندوفیت P. indica(Pi)، تلقیح T. virens (Trich) و تلقیح همزمان دو قارچ (Trich+Pi) در پاییز 1393، در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی و در سه تکرار انجام شد. بذرهای ماش پس از تلقیح با تیمارهای قارچی، در خاک استریل کشت شده و پس از چهار هفته صفات مورفولوژیکی (تعداد برگ، ارتفاع بوته، قطر ساقه و طول ریشه)، رویشی (وزن تر و خشک ساقه، برگ، ریشه و بخش هوایی) و همچنین رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی (کلروفیل a، b، a+b، a/b و کارتنوئید) برگ مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد بیوپرایمینگ بذر با Pi، Trich و Trich+Pi ارتفاع بوته (به ترتیب 4، 8 و 2 درصد) و طول ریشه (به ترتیب 18، 31 و 13 درصد) را نسبت به شاهد افزایش داد که این افزایش تنها در کاربرد قارچ Pi معنی­دار بود. همچنین وزن تر و خشک اندام­های رویشی نیز در اثر بیوپرایمینگ افزایش یافت که بیشترین افزایش مربوط به تلقیح Pi و در صفات وزن خشک ساقه، بخش هوایی و بوته (به ترتیب بیش از 5، 3 و 2 برابر) بود. همچنین، مقادیر کلروفیل a، b و a+b نیز در برگ گیاهان تلقیح شده با Pi (به ترتیب حدود 8، 15 و 9 درصد) افزایش یافت. در مجموع، به نظر می‌رسد بیوپرایمینگ بذر ماش سبز با قارچ‌های افزاینده رشد به ویژه P. indica اثر مثبتی بر مولفه‌های رشدی گیاه در مراحل استقرار و رشد اولیه گیاه دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of seed biopriming by Piriformospora indica and Trichoderma virens on the growth, morphological and physiological parameters of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) seedlings

نویسندگان [English]

  • Neda Salimi Tamalla 1
  • Fahimeh Seraj 1
  • Hemmatollah Pirdashti 2
  • Yasser Yaghoubian 3
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, the use of biofertilizer is steadily increasing in sustainable agriculture, therefore the present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of seed biopriming by Piriformospora indica and Trichoderma virens on the growth, morphological and physiological parameters of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.). Experiment was conducted as completely randomized design with three replicates in 2014. Treatments were included four levels of biopriming (control, inoculation by P. indica or T. virens and dual inoculation by P. indica and T. virens). Seeds of mung bean were sown in sterile soil and grown for four weeks and then some morphological, growth and photosynthetic pigments parameters were determined. Results showed that seed biopriming by Trichoderma, P. indica and dual inoculation increased plant height (4, 8 and 2 %, respectively) and root length (18, 31 and 13 %, respectively) as compared to the uninoculated control. However, the increase was significant only for P. indica inoculated seeds. Furthermore, shoot fresh and dry weights increased when mung bean seeds inoculated by both fungi. The maximum increase in stem, shoot and plant dry weights (5, 3 and 2 times of control) were recorded when seeds inoculated with P. indica. Also, inoculation of seeds by P. indica improved chlorophyll a, b, a+b contents (nearly 8, 15 and 9 %, respectively). In conclusion, it seems that seed biopriming of mung bean by growth promoting fungi particularly P. indica positively improved the growth attributes in early growth stages.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll
  • Fungi
  • Seed
  • Trichoderma
  • Mung bean
  • Mycorrhizae like
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