Study of some characteristics related to germinability and seedling vigour of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds cultivar NC2 from plants had been sprayed with methanol and mthylobacterium

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D Candidate of Agronomy, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

Abstract

In order to evaluate Germinability and seedling vigour associated with peanut seeds of the plants had been sprayed with methanol and mthylobacterium a laboratory research at 2 years was conducted in Islamic Azad University of Rasht. This study was conducted using standard germination test, cold and accelerated aging test. Each test using factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with 16 treatments (bacteria populations mthylobacterium in unit of CFU in 4 levels, 106, 108 and 1012 and 4 levels of methanol 0, 10, 20 and 30 % v/v) in three replications. characteristics studied were: final germination percentage, seedling  vigour, root dry weight, hypocotyl dry weight , shoot dry weight and seedling dry weight. The results showed that the effect of year was significant on all studied characteristics in all the tests. Bacteria population only significant effect on the final germination percentage in all the tests. The amount of methanol had significant effect on all studied characters in the three tests. Interaction between the bacterial population with amount of methanol only the final germination percentage in standard germination and cold tests had a significant effect. Comparison of means showed the highest final germination percentage in the population of bacteria 1012 CFU was observed in all the tests. Most of all investigated characteristics in all tests was 20 percent methanol.

Keywords


Abanda-Nkpwatt, D., Musch, M., Tschiersch, J., Boettne, M. and Schwab, W. 2006. Molecular interaction between Methylobacterium extorquens and seedlings: growth promotion, methanol consumption, and localization of the methanol emission site. Journal of Experimental Botany, 57(15): 4025-4032. (Journal)
Anonymous. 2011. International rules for seed testing. Supplement to Seed Science and Technology, 21: 1-288. Published by: International Seed Testing Assemblage (ISTA). (Handbook)
Bhattacharya, S., Bhattacharya, N.C. and Bhatnagar, B.B. 1985. Effect of ethanol, methanol and acetone on rooting etiolated cuttings of Vigna radiata in presence of sucrose and auxin. Annals of Botany, 55: 143–145. (Journal)
Corpe, W.A. and Rheem, S. 1989. Ecology of the Methylotrophic Bacteria Living on Leaf Surfaces. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 62(2): 243–248. (Journal)
Don, R. 2009. ISTA Handbook on Seedling Evaluation. 3rd Edition. Published by: The International Seed Testing Assemblage (ISTA). Bassersdorf, CH- Switzerland. (Handbook)
Downie, A., Miyazaki, S., Bohnert, H., John, P., Coleman, J., Parry, M. and Haslam, R. 2004. Expression profiling of the response of Arabidopsis thaliana to methanol stimulation. Phytochemistry, 65: 2305–2316. (Journal)
Fall, R. and Benson, A.A. 1996. Leaf methanol,The simplest natural product from plants. Trends Plant Science, 1: 296–301. (Journal)
Galbally, E. and Kirstine, W. 2002. The production of methanol by flowering plants and the global cycle of methanol. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 43(3): 195-229. (Journal)
Gaspar, Т., Kevers, C., Penel, С., Greppin, H., Reid, D.M. and Corpe, T.A.T. 1996. Review: Plant hormones and plant growth regulators in plant tissue culture. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology-Plant, 32: 272-289.(Journal)  
Golombek, S.D. and Johansen, C. 1997. Effect of soil temperature on vegetative and reproductive groeth and development in three Spanish genotypes of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Peanut Science, 24: 67-72. (Journal)
Gout, E., Aubert, S., Bligny, R., Rebeille, F. and Nonomura, A.R. 2000. Metabolism of methanol in plant cells. Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance studies. Plant Physiology, 123: 287–296. (Journal)
Green, P.N. 2006. Methylobacterium. In The Prokaryotes. A Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria, 3rd edn, vol. 5, pp. 257–265. Edited by M. Dworkin, S. Falkow, E. Rosenberg, K. H. Schleifer and E. Stackebrandt. New York: Springer. (Book)
Hampton, J.G. and TeKrony, D.M. 1995. Handbook of Vigour Test Methods. 3nd edition. Published by: International Seed Testing Assemblage (ISTA). Zurich, Switzerland, 117 p. (Handbook)
Holland, M.A. 1997. Methylobacterium and plants. Rec. Res. Dev. Plant Physiology, 1: 207–213. (Journal)
Holland, M.A. and Polacco, J.C. 1994. PPFMs and other contaminants: Is there more to plant physiology than just plant? Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 45: 197–209. (Journal)
Ivanova, E.G., Doronina, N.V. Shepelyakovskaya, A.O., Laman, A.G., Brovko, F.A. and Trotsenko, Y.A. 2000. Facultative and Obligate Aerobic Methylobacteria Synthesize Cytokinins. Microbiology, 69(6): 764–769. (Journal)
Jourand, P., Giraud, E., Bena, G., Sy, A., Willems, A., Gillis, M., Dreyfus, B. and De Lajudie, P. 2004. Methylobacterium nodulans sp. nov., for a group of aerobic, facultatively methylotrophic, legume root-nodule-forming and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. International Journal of Systematic Evolutionary Microbiology, 54: 2269–2273. (Journal)
Karczmarczyk S.J., Devlin, R. and Zbieć, M. 1995. Influence of methanol on winter rape seedlings. Acta Agrobotanica, 48(2): 37-42. (Journal)
Koenig, R.L., Morris, R.O. and Polacco, J.C. 2002. tRNA is the source of low-level trans-Zeatin production in Methylobacterium spp. Journal of Bacteriology, 184: 1832–1842. (Journal)
Kotzabasis, K., Hatziathanasiou, A., Bengoa-Ruigomez, M.V. Kentouri, M. and Divanach, P. 1999. Methanol as alternative carbon source for quicker efficient production of the microalgae Chlorella minutissima: role of the concentration and frequence of administration. Journal of Biotechnology, 70: 357– 362. (Journal)
Madhaiyan, M., Poonguzhali, S., Senthilkumar, M., Seshadri, S., Chung, H., Yang, J., Sundaram, S. and Sa, T. 2004. Growth promotion and induction of systemic resistance in rice cultivar Co-47 (Oryza sativa L.) by Methylobacterium spp. Botanical Bulletin-Academia Sinica Taipei, 45: 315-324. (Journal)
Madhaiyan, M., Suresh Reddy, B.V., Anandham, R., Senthilkumar, M., Poonguzhali S., Sundaram, S.P. and Sa, T. 2006. Plant Growth–Promoting Methylobacterium Induces Defense Responses in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Compared with Rot Pathogens. Current Microbiology, 53: 270–276. (Journal)
Madhaiyan, M., Poonguzhali, S., Lee, H.S. Hari, K., Sundaram, S.P. and Sa, T.M. 2005. Pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic bacteria accelerate germination, growth and yield of sugarcane clone Co86032 (Saccharum officinarum L.). Biology and Fertility of Soils, 41: 350–358. (Journal)
Maiti, R. and Ebeling, P.W. 2002. The peanut (Arachis hypogaea) crop. Science Publisher, Inc., pp: 376. (Book)
Malik, C.P., Sing, P., Kaur, S,. malik, S., Parmar, U., Grewal, M. and Bhatia, D.S. 1990. Modification of leaf photosynthesis by foliar application of aliphatic alcohols. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 165: 198-201. (Journal)
Maliti, C.M., Basile, D.V. and Corpe, W A. 2005. Effects of Methylobacterium spp. strains on rice Oryza sativa L. callus induction, plantlet regeneration, and seedlings growth in vitro. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society, 132(2): 355-367. (Journal)
Nautiyal, P.C. 2009. Seed and seedling vigour traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Seed Science and Technology, 37: 721-735. (Journal)
Nemecek-Marshall, M., MacDonald, R.C., Franzen, J.J., Wojciechowski, C.L. and Fall, R. 1995. Methanol emission from leaves: enzymatic detection of gas-phase methanol and relation of methanol fluxes to stomatal conductance and leaf development. Plant Physiology, 108: 1359–1368.
Okon, Y., Albrecht, S.L. and Burris, R.H. 1977. Methods for growing Spirillum lipoferum and for counting it in pure culture and in association with plants. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 33(1): 85-88. (Journal)
Omer, Z.S., Tombolini, R., Broberga, A. and Gerhardson, B. 2004. Indole-3-acetic acid production by pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic bacteria. Plant Growth Regulation, 43: 93–96. (Journal)
Ramberg, H.A., Bradley, J.S.C., Olson, J.S.C., Nishio, J.N., Markwell, J. and Osterman, J.C., 2002. The Role of Methanol in Promoting Plant Growth: An Update. Rev. Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 1: 113-126.
Ramirez, I., Dorta, F., Espinoza, V., Jimenez, E., Mercado, A. and Pen a-Cortes, H. 2006. Effects of foliar and root applications of methanol on the growth of arabidopsis, tobacco and tomato plants. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 25: 30–44. (Journal)
Reynolds, J. and Farinha, M. 2005. Counting bacteria. Richland college, pp: 1-10. (Book)
Ryu, J., Madhaiyan, M., Poonguzhali, S., Yim, W., Indiragandhi, P., Kim, K., Anandham, R., Yum, J., Kim, K.H. and Sa, T. 2006. Plant Growth Substances Produced by Methylobacterium spp. and Their Effect on Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) and Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Growth. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,16(10): 1622-1628. (Journal)
Shepelyakovskaya, A.O., Doronina, N.V., Laman. A.G., Brovko, F.A. and Trotsenko, Y.A. 1999. New data on the ability of aerobic methylotrophic bacteria to synthesize cytokinins. Doklady Akademii Nauk, 368: 555–557. (Journal)
Smartt, J. 1994. The groundnut crop. A scientific basis for improvement. London. Chapman and Hall, pp: 734. (Book)
Theodoridou, A., Dornemann, D., and Kotzabasis, K. 2002. Light-dependent induction of strongly increased microalgal growth by methanol. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1573: 189–198.
Trotsenko, Y.A., Ivanova, E.G. and Doronina, N.V. 2001. Aerobic Methylotrophic Bacteria as Phytosymbionts. Mikrobiologiya, 70(6): 725–736. (Journal)