Quantifying the effect of osmotic and salt stress on germination of Egyptian spinach (Corchorus olitorius L.) and Asian spiderflower (Cleome viscosa L.)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Abstract

Egyptian spinach (Corchorus olitorius L.) and Asian spiderflower (Cleome viscosa L.) are two of most important weeds in Khouzestan province corn fields. This experiment was conducted to quantifying the effect of osmotic and salt stress on germination of these weeds. In order to describing effect of reduced water potential on germination of these weeds solutions were prepared with osmotic potentials of 0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8 and -1.0 MPa by dissolving appropriate amounts of polyethylene glycol 6000 in distilled water. Also, Water solutions with salinity of 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400 and 500 mM were prepared by dissolving NaCl in distilled water. The hydrotime constant (θH), the base or threshold water potential (Ψb(0)) and the median base water potential (Ψb(50)) of these weeds were as follows: C. viscose (14.30 MPa h, -1.32 and 0.89 MPa) and C. olitorius (11.85, -1.13 and -0.88 MPa), respectively. Threshold response of 50% maximum germination reduction to salinity of C. viscose and C. olitorius were 246.80 mM and 217.00 mM, respectively. Totally, seed germination of C. viscose and C. olitorius were partially tolerate and tolerant to osmotic stress and salinity, respectively.

Keywords

References

Alimagham, S.M. and Ghaderi-Far, F. 2014. Hydrotime model: Introduction and application of this model in seed researches. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 7: 41-52. (Journal)
Aparadh, V.T., Mahamuni, R.J. and Karadge, B.A. 2012. Taxonomy and physiological studies in spider flower (Cleome species): A critical review. Plant Science Feed, 2: 25-46. (Journal)
Bradford, K.J. 1990. A water relations analysis of seed germination rates. Plant Physiology, 94: 840–849. (Journal)
Bradford, K.J. 2002. Applications of hydrothermal time to quantifying and modeling seed germination and dormancy. Weed Science, 50: 248–260. (Journal)
Chauhan, B.S. and Johnson, D.E. 2008a. Germination ecology of Chinese sprangletop (Leptochloa chinensis) in the Philippines. Weed Science, 56: 820–825. (Journal)
Chauhan, B.S., and Johnson, D.E. 2008b. Seed germination and seedling emergence of nalta jute (Corchorus olitorius) and redweed (Melochia concatenata): Important broadleaf weeds of the tropics. Weed Science, 56: 814–819. (Journal)
Chauhan, B.S. and Johnson, D.E. 2010. Growth and reproduction of junglerice (Echinochloa colona) in response to water stress. Weed Science, 58: 132-135. (Journal)
Derakhshan, A. and Gherekhloo, J. 2013. Factors affecting Cyperus difformis seed germination and seedling emergence. Planta Daninha, 31: 823-832. (Journal)
Derakhshan, A., Akbari, H. and Gherekhloo, J. 2014. Hydrotime modeling of Phalaris minor, Amaranthus retroflexus and A. blitoides seed germination. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Research, 1: 83-97. (In Persion)(Journal)  
Ebrahimi, E. and Eslami, S.V. 2011. Effect of environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of invasive Ceratocarpus arenarius. Weed Research, 52: 50-59. (Journal)
Finch-Savage, W.E. and Leubner-Metzger, G. 2006. Seed dormancy and the control of germination. New Phytologist, 171: 501–523. (Journal)
Guillemin, J.P., Gardarin, A., Granger, S., Reibel, C., Munier-Jolain, N., and Colbach, N. 2012. Assessing potential germination period of weeds with base temperatures and base water potentials. Weed Research, 53: 76-87. (Journal)
Ilhan, S., Savaroglu, F. and Colak, F. 2007. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Corchorus olitorius L. (Molokhia) extracts. International Journal of Natural and Engineering Sciences, 1: 59-61. (Journal)
Mesgaran, M.B., Mashhadi, H.R., Alizadeh, H., Hunt, J., Young, K.R. and Cousens, R.D. 2013. Importance of distribution function selection for hydrothermal time models of seed germination. Weed Research, 53: 89-101. (Journal)
Michel, B.E. 1983. Evaluation of the water potentials of solutions of polyethylene glycol 8000 both in the absence and presence of other solutes. Plant Physiology, 72: 66–70. (Journal)
SAS. 2009. SAS/STAT 9.2 User’s Guide. SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA. (Book)
Tanji, K.K. and Kielen, N.C. 2002. Agricultural drainge water management in arid and semi-arid areas. Fao Irrigation and Drainage, Paper 61, Rome, Italy. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 202p. (Book)
Watt, M.S., Bloomberg, M. and Finch-savage, W.E. 2011. Development of a hydrothermal time model that accurately characterises how thermoinhibition regulates seed germination. Plant, Cell and Environment, 34: 870–876. (Journal)
Watt, M.S., Xu, V. and Bloomberg, M. 2010. Development of a hydrothermal time seed germination model which uses the Weibull distribution to describe base water potential. Ecological Modelling, 221: 1267–1272. (Journal)
Yokoyama, S., Hiramoto, K., Fujikawa, T., Kondo, H., Konishi, N., Sudo, S., Iwashima, M. and Ooi, K. 2014. Topical application of Corchorus olitorius leaf extract ameliorates atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. Dermatology Aspects, 2: 1-8. (Journal)
Zhang, H., Irving, L.J., McGill, C., Matthew, C., Zhou, D. and Kemp, P. 2010. The effects of salinity and osmotic stress on barley germination rate: sodium as an osmotic regulator. Annals of Botany, 106: 1027-1035. (Journal)
Iranian Journal of Seed Sciences and Research
Volume 3, Issue 3
October 2016
Pages 105-115

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics