نوسان جمعیت باکتری Xanthomonas translucens در بذر گندم و اثر آن بر برخی خصوصیات کیفی بذر و میزان ظهور بیماری در نسل بعد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر ونهال. سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر ونهال. سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 مربی مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر ونهال. سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

10.22124/jms.2023.6169

چکیده

آلودگی بذور به باکتری بیمارگر Xanthomonas translucens ، نقش مهمی در شروع و استقرار بیماری نواری باکتریایی غلات دارد که در صورت وجود شرایط محیطی مساعد می تواند باعث طغیان بیماری شود. با توجه به آنکه جمعیت این باکتری بیماریزا با گذشت زمان در بذر با نوسان همراه است، این پژوهش به بررسی اثر تغییرات جمعیت باکتری پاتوژن مستقر در بذر بر استقرار بیماری در نسل بعد و نیز تاثیر آن روی برخی خصوصیات کیفی بذر پرداخته شده است. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد بذرهای برداشت شده از مزارع بذری آلوده که علایم بیماری در این مزارع تا حد برگهای پرچم پیشروی داشته است دارای جمعیت باکتری از حداقل  104 تا حداکثر CFU/gr  105×4 در زمان برداشت است که ده ماه پس از آن جمعیت باکتری به  102 تا حداکثر CFU/gr  104×4 کاهش یافت و 24 ماه پس از زمان برداشت، باکتری بیمارگر از بذر ها (به استثنای یک نمونه) جدا سازی نشد. با وجود آلودگی بالاتر از حد آستانه در بذرهای مورد ارزیابی (بالاتر از CFU/gr 103)، ظهور بیماری در مزراع آزمایشی از صفر تا حداکثر یک درصد اتفاق افتاد. اگرچه این نرخ انتقال اندک است اما همین تعداد بوته بیمار در شرایط محیطی مساعد می تواند پیش زمینه بروز یک همه­گیری باشد. همچنین جمعیت های ردیابی شده باکتری در زمان برداشت بذر و حتی با گذشت زمان انبار داری اثرات معنی داری در تغییرات جوانه زنی و ظهور گیاهچه های طبیعی نداشته است اگرچه در برخی ویژگی های مرتبط با رشد طولی اثرات معنی دار مشخص شد که ضرورت دارد در تحقیقات آتی تاثیر باکتری X. translucens در تغییرات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی بذر  مورد بررسی دقیق تر قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Population fluctuations of Xanthomonas translucens in wheat seeds and its effect on some quality characteristics of seed and disease emergence in the next generation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Cobra Moslemkhani 1
  • Bita Oskuii 2
  • Saman Sheidaii Kajul 2
  • Saeed Bajiloee 3
1 Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute. Agricultural Research, education and Extension Organization (AREEO). Tehran, Iran
2 Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute. Agricultural Research, education and Extension Organization (AREEO). Tehran, Iran
3 Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute. Agricultural Research, education and Extension Organization (AREEO). Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Infected seeds play considerable role in establishment of bacterial leaf streak disease caused by Xanthomonas translucens on cereal, which can onset disease outbreaks under favorable environmental conditions. The population of this pathogenic bacterium fluctuates over time in the seed. The present study investigated these changes and their effects on the disease establishment and seed quality. The bacterial population in the seeds harvested from the infected fields with progressed symptoms up to the flag leaves, had at least 104 to a maximum of 4×105 CFU/gr at harvest time. Ten months later the population was reduced to 102 to a maximum of 4×104CFU/gr and 24 months after harvest, the pathogen was not isolated from the seeds (except for one sample). The seed contamination evaluated in this study is higher than the seed contamination threshold (103CFU/gr) but disease transmission in the experimental field occurred from zero to a maximum of one percent. Although this rate of transmission is low, the same number of diseased plants in favorable environmental conditions can trigger an epidemic. Also, bacterial population on seed even after storage time did not have significant effects on germination and natural seedlings emergence, although on some characteristics related to longitudinal growth had significant effects. The effect of X. translucens on physiological and biochemical changes of seeds needs to be further investigated.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • physiological and biochemical changes of seeds needs to be further investigated
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