تأثیر تیمارهای مکانیکی و شیمیایی بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی، ترکیبات فنولی کل و فعالیت آنزیمی در بذر حنا (Lawsoniainermis L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران

چکیده

حنا (LawsoniainermisL.) یکی از درختچه‌های زینتی-دارویی ارزشمند است که در برخی از مناطق گرمسیر و نیمه­گرمسیری ایران کشت می‌گردد. برخی از گزارش‌ها حاکی از وجود رکود و درصد جوانه‌زنی بسیار پایین بذرهای آن می‌باشد. به­منظور بررسی تاثیر تیمارهای مختلف مکانیکی و شیمیایی بر رکود و ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر حنا، دو آزمایش جداگانه بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا گردید. در آزمایش اول تیمارها شامل آب جاری (به‌مدت 24، 48 و 72 ساعت)، خیساندن در آب داغ (به‌مدت 150، 300 و 450 ثانیه)، خراش‌دهی مکانیکی به­وسیله کاغذ سمباده، خراش‌دهی شیمیایی با اسید سولفوریک غلیظ (به‌مدت 10، 15 و 20 دقیقه)، غلظت‌های مختلف اسید جیبرلیک (250، 500، 750 و 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر)، آماده‌سازی اسمزی با پلی اتیلن گلایکول (8- بار)، تاریکی کامل (در تمام طول دوره آزمایش) و شاهد به­کار گرفته شد. در آزمایش دوم موثرترین تیمارهای آزمایش اول به­همراه شاهد انتخاب و فعالیت آنزیم آلفاآمیلاز و میزان ترکیبات فنولی کل موجود در بذر مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار تاریکی به­طور معنی‌داری منجر به کاهش جوانه‌زنی بذرهای حنا شد. از سوی دیگر خیساندن بذور در آب جاری به‌مدت 48 ساعت موثرترین تیمار با درصد جوانه‌زنی برابر با 7/94 درصد بود. در آزمایش دوم نتایج نشان داد که یک همبستگی منفی و بسیار معنی‌دار (r= -0/99) بین میزان ترکیبات فنولی کل و فعالیت آنزیم آلفاآمیلاز وجود دارد. با توجه به نتایج به­دست­آمده از این تحقیق تیمار آب جاری به‌مدت 48 ساعت به­عنوان موثرترین تیمارجهت شکست خواب بذرهای حنا قابل توصیه می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of mechanical and chemical treatments on germination characteristic, total phenolic compound and enzyme activity of henna seeds (Lawsonia inermis L.)

نویسنده [English]

  • Abolghasem Hamidi Moghaddam
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
چکیده [English]

Henna is one of the valuable ornamental and medicinal shrubs that is cultivated in some tropical and subtropical regions of Iran. Its seeds have dormancy and don't germinate rapidly. To investigate the effect of different mechanical and chemical treatments on dormancy and germination characteristics of henna seeds, two separate experiments were conductedbasedon two completely randomized designs with three replications. In the first experiment, various treatments including running water (for 24, 48 and 72 h.), soaking in hot water (90° C, for 150, 300 and 450 sec.), mechanical scarification with sandpaper (for 20 sec.), chemical scarification with concentrated sulfuric acid (98% for 10, 15 and 20 min.), different concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3; 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm), osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (-8 bar for 72 h), complete darkness and control were tested for breaking seed dormancy. In the second experiment, the most effective treatments of the first experiment along with control were selected, and then α-amylase activity and the amount of total phenolic compounds (TPC) were evaluated in the seeds. Results revealed that seed germination percentage was significantly decreased when incubated in complete darkness. Among other treatments, soaking in running water for 48 h. was more effective and increased the germination percentage up to 94.7%. In the second experiment, results showed that there was a negative and significantcorrelation (r= -0/99) betweentotal phenolic compounds and α-amylase activity. According to the obtained results running water (48 h.) would be suggested as the most efficient treatment to break seed dormancy of Henna.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Double dormancy
  • Gibberellic acid
  • Osmopriming
  • Scarification
  • α-amylase activity
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