University of Guilan Iranian Journal of Seed Sciences and Research 2476-3780 5 1 2018 05 22 Comparison of germination characteristics in different populations of Achillea wilhelmsii C.Koch seeds on control and pre-chilling conditions Comparison of germination characteristics in different populations of Achillea wilhelmsii C.Koch seeds on control and pre-chilling conditions 27 39 2898 10.22124/jms.2018.2898 FA Hamideh Javadi Agricultural Research and Education Organization Parvin Salehi Shanjani Research Institute of Forests & Rangelands Journal Article 2016 07 04 <em>Achillea wilhelmsii</em> is one of the forage and medicinal plant in Iran. This plant is in danger, because of illegal collecting from wild resources for medicinal and hygienic uses. The objective of this study was to establish the effects of pre-chilling on germination treats in 23 populations of <em>Achillea wilhelmsii</em>. The seeds were collected from different provinces. This study was conducted by factorial based on completely randomized design. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of population×treatment on <em>A. wilhelmsii</em> seeds germination treats were highly significant different (p<0.01). Comparison of mean of germination treats on control and pre-chilling conditions  showed that the pre-chilling increase the mean of rate of germination, length of plumule and decrease length of radical and ratio of radical to plumule, but no effect on percent of germination, length of seedling and vigor index of seed. The most of value of rate of germination was found in populations, 9820 (Kordestan-Divandareh) and 9961(Kordestan-Sanandaj) on pre-chilling condition and the most of percent of germination was found in populations 9820 (Kordestan-Divandareh) and 19489 (Kordestan-Baneh) on pre-chilling and control condition respectively. The population 9961 (Kordestan-Sanandaj) had the most of value of length of radical, length of seedling, vigor index of seed on control and most of value of length of plumule on pre-chilling condition. So, pre-chilling increase rate of germination and no effect on germination percent of seeds, length of seedling and vigor index of seed of <em>Achillea wilhelmsii</em> <em>Achillea wilhelmsii</em> is one of the forage and medicinal plant in Iran. This plant is in danger, because of illegal collecting from wild resources for medicinal and hygienic uses. The objective of this study was to establish the effects of pre-chilling on germination treats in 23 populations of <em>Achillea wilhelmsii</em>. The seeds were collected from different provinces. This study was conducted by factorial based on completely randomized design. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of population×treatment on <em>A. wilhelmsii</em> seeds germination treats were highly significant different (p<0.01). Comparison of mean of germination treats on control and pre-chilling conditions  showed that the pre-chilling increase the mean of rate of germination, length of plumule and decrease length of radical and ratio of radical to plumule, but no effect on percent of germination, length of seedling and vigor index of seed. The most of value of rate of germination was found in populations, 9820 (Kordestan-Divandareh) and 9961(Kordestan-Sanandaj) on pre-chilling condition and the most of percent of germination was found in populations 9820 (Kordestan-Divandareh) and 19489 (Kordestan-Baneh) on pre-chilling and control condition respectively. The population 9961 (Kordestan-Sanandaj) had the most of value of length of radical, length of seedling, vigor index of seed on control and most of value of length of plumule on pre-chilling condition. So, pre-chilling increase rate of germination and no effect on germination percent of seeds, length of seedling and vigor index of seed of <em>Achillea wilhelmsii</em> https://jms.guilan.ac.ir/article_2898_c8e100dc5baefad0c964c38278f765f1.pdf