تغییرات پوشش سبز و محتوای کلروفیل و کاروتنوئید ماریتیغال (Silybum marianum L.) در واکنش به پیش‌تیمار آبی بذر و کمبود آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دانشگاه تبریز

2 استاد گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

برای بررسی اثرات مدت پیش­تیمار آبی بر پوشش سبز و محتوای کلروفیل و کاروتنوئید برگ ماریتیغال (Silybum marianumL.) تحت تیمارهای مختلف آبیاری، یک آزمایش اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار در سال 1394 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تبریز انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آبیاری (I1، I2، I3، I4: به ترتیب آبیاری پس از 70، 100، 130 و 160 میلی متر تبخیر از تشتک  تبخیر کلاس A) در کرت­های اصلی و مدت­های پیش­تیمار آبی (P1، P2 و P3: به ترتیب صفر، 8 و 16 ساعت) در کرت های فرعی قرار گرفتند. درصد جوانه­زنی، متوسط زمان جوانه­زنی، تعداد بوته در واحد سطح، درصد پوشش سبز، محتوای کلروفیل a، b و کل و کاروتنوئید اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از پیش تیمار آبی بویژه 16 ساعت موجب کاهش متوسط زمان جوانه­زنی گردید، ولی اثر معنی­داری روی درصد جوانه­زنی نداشت. همچنین تعداد بوته در واحد سطح با افزایش مدت پیش­تیمار آبی تا 16 ساعت افزایش یافته است. درصد پوشش سبز نیز با افزایش مدت پیش­تیمار آبی تحت تمام تیمار­های آبیاری فزونی یافت. محتوای کلروفیل a، b و کل و کاروتنوئید بر اثر کمبود آب کاهش قابل توجهی پیدا کردند. اما پیش­تیمار آبی به مدت­ 8 و به ویژه 16 ساعت به­صورت معنی­داری موجب افزایش این صفات گردید. این نتایج به وضوح نشان می­دهد که پیش­تیمار آبی با افزایش تعداد بوته­های استقرار یافته، درصد پوشش سبز و محتوای کلروفیل و کاروتنوئید، اثر تنش خشکی را کاهش داده است. همین امر می­تواند تولید دانه­ این گیاه دارویی در شرایط آبیاری مطلوب و محدود را بهبود بخشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Changes in green cover and chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) in response to seed hydro-priming and water deficit

نویسندگان [English]

  • Iraj Yaghoubian 1
  • Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani 2
  • Yaghoob Raei 2
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effects of hydro-priming duration on green cover and leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) under different irrigation treatments, a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications was conducted in 2015 at the Research Farm of the University of Tabriz. Irrigation treatments (I1, I2, I3, I4: Irrigation after 70, 100, 130 and 160 mm evaporation from class A pan, respectively) were allocated to main plots, and hydro-priming durations (P1, P2, P3: 0, 8 and 16 hours, respectively) were assigned to the sub plots. Germination percentage, mean germination time, number of plants per unit area, percentage of green cover, chlorophyll a, b and total and carotenoid contents were measured. The results showed that hydro-priming especially in 16 hours was reduced the mean germination time. However, had no significant effect on germination percentage. Also, the number of plants per unit area increased with increasing priming duration up to 16 hours. Percentage of green cover was also enhanced with increasing hydro-priming duration under all irrigation treatments. Chlorophyll a, b and total and carotenoid contents considerably decreased as a consequence of water deficit. However, hydro-priming for 8 and especially 16 hours significantly increased these traits. These results clearly indicate that hydro-priming by increasing plant establishment, percentage of green cover and chlorophyll and carotenoid contents has reduced drought effects. This could improve grain production of this medicinal plant under well and limited irrigation conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carotenoid
  • Chlorophyll
  • Green cover
  • Hydro-priming
  • Milk thistle
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