مقایسه برخی صفات جوانه زنی و بنیه بذورجمعیت‌های مختلف گونه بومادران Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch در شرایط شاهد و پیش سرما

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 سازمان تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی

2 موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

چکیده

گیاه بومادران  Achillea wilhelmsii C.Kochیکی از گونه های مرتعی و دارویی کشور است که هم اکنون به دلیل استفاده بی‌رویه آن جهت مصرف دارویی و بهداشتی، در معرض نابودی قرار گرفته است. در این تحقیق آزمون جوانه زنی 23 جمعیت گونه بومادران Achillea wilhelmsii  که از استان های مختلف کشور جمع آوری شده بودند، در دو شرایط شاهد و تیمار (سرمادهی) انجام شد . صفات جوانه‌زنی شامل سرعت جوانه‌زنی، درصد جوانه‌زنی، طول ریشه‌چه طول ساقه‌چه،  طول گیاهچه، شاخص بنیه بذر و نسبت طول ریشه‌چه به ساقه‌چه بودند. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری بر پایه فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام گردید. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که اثرات تیمار در جمعیت برای تمام صفات جوانه زنی در سطح یک درصد معنی‌دار می‌باشد. درمقایسه میانگین‌ها برای صفات مختلف جوانه‌زنی، در شرایط شاهد و سرمادهی مشخص گردید که تیمار پیش سرما باعث افزایش معنی‌دار در میانگین سرعت جوانه‌زنی، طول ساقه‌چه و کاهش معنی‌دار در طول ریشه‌چه و نسبت طول ریشه‌چه به ساقه‌چه شده ولی تاثیر معنی‌داری روی درصد جوانه‌زنی، طول گیاهچه و شاخص بنیه بذر ندارد. بیشترین مقدار سرعت ‌جوانه‌زنی درجمعیت‌های 9820 (کردستان- دیواندره)،9961 (کردستان-سنندج) در شرایط سرمادهی، و بیشترین مقدار درصد جوانه‌زنی در جمعیت 9820(کردستان-دیواندره) در شرایط سرمادهی و جمعیت 19486‌(کردستان-بانه) در شرایط شاهد بدست آمد. جمعیت 9961(کردستان-سنندج) بیشترین مقدار طول ریشه‌چه، طول گیاهچه و شاخص بنیه بذر را در شرایط شاهد و بیشترین مقدار طول ساقه‌چه در شرایط سرمادهی را نشان داد. بنابراین سرما باعث تسریع در جوانه‌زنی بذور گونه بومادران A. wilhelmsii شد ولی در طول دوره جوانه‌زنی تاثیر چندانی روی درصد جوانه‌زنی بذور، طول گیاهچه و شاخص بنیه بذر نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of germination characteristics in different populations of Achillea wilhelmsii C.Koch seeds on control and pre-chilling conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamideh Javadi 1
  • Parvin Salehi Shanjani 2
1 Agricultural Research and Education Organization
2 Research Institute of Forests & Rangelands
چکیده [English]

Achillea wilhelmsii is one of the forage and medicinal plant in Iran. This plant is in danger, because of illegal collecting from wild resources for medicinal and hygienic uses. The objective of this study was to establish the effects of pre-chilling on germination treats in 23 populations of Achillea wilhelmsii. The seeds were collected from different provinces. This study was conducted by factorial based on completely randomized design. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of population×treatment on A. wilhelmsii seeds germination treats were highly significant different (p<0.01). Comparison of mean of germination treats on control and pre-chilling conditions  showed that the pre-chilling increase the mean of rate of germination, length of plumule and decrease length of radical and ratio of radical to plumule, but no effect on percent of germination, length of seedling and vigor index of seed. The most of value of rate of germination was found in populations, 9820 (Kordestan-Divandareh) and 9961(Kordestan-Sanandaj) on pre-chilling condition and the most of percent of germination was found in populations 9820 (Kordestan-Divandareh) and 19489 (Kordestan-Baneh) on pre-chilling and control condition respectively. The population 9961 (Kordestan-Sanandaj) had the most of value of length of radical, length of seedling, vigor index of seed on control and most of value of length of plumule on pre-chilling condition. So, pre-chilling increase rate of germination and no effect on germination percent of seeds, length of seedling and vigor index of seed of Achillea wilhelmsii

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Germination
  • Chilling
  • Yarrow
  • Achillea wilhelmsii
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