بررسی اثر مدت و دمای هیدروپرایمینگ بر برخی خصوصیات بذر و گیاهچه گندم دیم رقم کوهدشت درشرایط تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو/ دانشگاه لرستان

2 دانشگاه لرستان

3 دانشجو/دانشگاه لرستان

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر عوامل تاثیرگذار  بر فرایند هیدروپرایمینگ شامل زمان و دمای هیدروپرایمینگ بر کیفیت فیزیولوژیک بذر و گیاهچه گندم رقم کوهدشت در شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایش فاکتوریل سه عاملی در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه فنّاوری بذر و گلخانه دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان در سال 1393 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل: تنش خشکی ( 75%،50%و 25% ظرفیت زراعی )، دمای هیدروپرایمینگ (15، 20، 25 درجه سانتی گراد) و زمان هیدروپرایمینگ ( 12، 18 و 24 ساعت) بود. صفاتی نظیر درصد و سرعت ظهور گیاهچه، سرعت رشد گیاهچه، شاخص سطح برگ، شاخص سبزینگی و تعداد انشعاب ریشه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش شدت تنش خشکی از تنش ملایم (75% ظرفیت زراعی) به تنش شدید (25% ظرفیت زراعی) روند اکثر صفات کاهشی بود. اثر دمای هیدروپرایمینگ بر درصد و سرعت ظهور گیاهچه، سرعت رشد گیاهچه و شاخص سبزینگی در سطح یک درصد معنی­دار بود. بالاترین مقدار صفات مذکور در دمای 25 درجه سانتی­گراد مشاهده شد. اثر متقابل تنش خشکی و زمان هیدروپرایمینگ بر درصد ظهور گیاهچه معنی دار شد و اثر متقابل دما و زمان هیدروپرایمینگ فقط بر شاخص سطح برگ در سطح یک درصد معنی دار شد. در شرایط تنش ملایم (75% ظرفیت زراعی) ، تیمار 12 ساعت هیدروپرایمینگ مناسب ترین تیمار زمانی بود و در شرایط تنش شدید (25% ظرفیت زراعی) تفاوتی بین تیمارها در خصوص زمان هیدروپرایمینگ مشاهده نگردید. نظر به اهمیت درصد و سرعت ظهور گیاهچه، هیدرو پرایمینگ بذر این رقم به مدت 12 ساعت در دما ی 20 یا 25 درجه سانتی­گراد، قابل توصیه است

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of hydropriming duration and temperature on the seed and seedling characteristics of rainfed wheat (Kouhdasht Var.) under drought stress conditions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zeinab Samiei 1
  • Hamid Reza Eisvand 2
  • Zeinab Farajollahi 3
2 Agrotechnology Department, Lorestan University
چکیده [English]

Low soil moisture content is one of the major problems in arid and semi-arid regions that leads to weak and nonsynchronous seedling emergence and establishment, finally resulting in the yield lose. Seed hydropriming mitigates these adverse drought effects. Therefore, in this study, the effective factors in seed hydropriming such as time and temperature are evaluated on the physiological quality of seed and seedling of a rainfed wheat (Kouhdasht var.) under drought stress. A pot experiment was carried out as factorial with three replications on the base of the RCBD under drought stress conditions in Lorestan University. Drought levels were 25, 50 and 75% field capacity. Hydropriming time and temperature levels were 12, 18, 24 h and 15, 20, 25°C, respectively. Percent and speed of seedling emergence, seedling growth rate, leaf area index, chlorophyll index and the number of root branches were measured. Results showed that most of the traits decreased as drought increased. Also, hydropriming temperature affected emergence percent and speed, seedling growth rate and chlorophyll index. Maximum of these traits were obtained when the seed primed at 25C. Interaction of drought and hydropriming period was significant for seedling emergence percentage. There was an interaction between priming temperature and priming period for LAI. Seed priming for 12 h was the best for increasing seedling emergence at mild drought stress. But there was no difference between priming times at sever stress. Seed hydropriming of this cultivar for 12 hours at 20 or 25 C is suggested to achieve the best germination and seedling emergence speed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Electerical conductivity
  • Priming
  • seedling performance
  • Stress
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