واکنش خواص فیزیکی و مکانیکی سوخ ژنوتیپ‌های پیاز خوراکی (Allium cepa L.) به پرایمینگ و اندازۀ بذر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه

2 استاد گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ارومیه

چکیده

به­منظور ارزیابی تأثیر پرایمینگ و اندازۀ بذر بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و مکانیکی سوخ ژنوتیپ‌های پیاز خوراکی این پژوهش در دو سال زراعی (1391و 1392) به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایش شامل پرایمینگ در چهار سطح (هیدروپرایمینگ با آب مقطر، اسموپرایمینگ با نیترات پتاسیم، پرایمینگ با ماده فولامین و شاهد)، اندازه بذر در سه سطح (ریز، متوسط و درشت) و ارقام در دو سطح (قرمز آذرشهر و زرقان) بود. ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و مکانیکی شامل میانگین قطر حسابی و هندسی‌، ضریب‌ کرویت، مساحت سطح رویه، سطح برش عرضی سوخ، ضریب اصطکاک استاتیکی، زاویه  (انباشتگی) ریپوز پرکردن، زاویه ریپوز تخلیه و سرعت حد مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. اثر پرایمینگ و اندازه بذر از نظر تمام ویژگی مورد بررسی از لحاظ آماری تفاوت معنی‌دار نشان داد. نتایج نشان داد که پرایمینگ بذر موجب بهبود ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و مکانیکی سوخ شد به­طوری­که بیشترین میانگین قطر حسابی و هندسی ‌سوخ، مساحت سطح رویه، سرعت حد به­ترتیب 39/56 ،64/53، 27/36 میلی‌متر و 87/4 متر بر ثانیه به پرایمینگ با ماده فولامین تعلق داشت و کمترین آنها از تیمار شاهد به‌دست آمد. همچنین زاویه ریپوز پرکردن، زاویه ریپوز تخلیه به­ترتیب 7/46 و7/23 از تیمار شاهد و کمترین آنها از تیمار با ماده فولامین به‌دست آمد. بیشترین ضریب اصطکاک استاتیکی برابر 6/1 از تیمار شاهد مربوط به سطح چوب و کمترین آن برابر 67/0 از تیمار بذر با فولامین مربوط به سطح آهن‌گالوانیزه بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of physical and mechnical properties of onion (Allium cepa L.) genotypes bulb to seed priming and size

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mousa Izadkhah Shishvan 1
  • Mahdi Tajbakhsh Shishvan 2
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effect of seed priming and seed size on physical and mechnical properties of onion genotypes a factorial field experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in 2012 and 2013 cropping season at Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center of East Azarbayjan, Iran. The experimental treatments included priming (at four levels: hydropriming, osmopriming (in %2 KNO3), priming with folammin amino acid (in 2%) and control (without priming), seed size (at three levels: small, medium, large) and cultivars (at two levels: RedAzarshahr and Zarguan). Following characteristics such as physical and mechnical properties include: arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, frontal surface area, cross-sectional of area onion, static coefficient of friction, angles of repose and terminal velocity  were studied. Analysis of variance for the measurd traits indicated that all characteristics significantly were affected by treatment and seed size. Results showed that seed priming and seed size improved physical and mechnical properties characteristics. The highest arithmetic, geometric mean diameter, frontal surface area, terminal velocity, were obtained from plant that primed with folammin amino acid 56.39,53.64, 36.27 mm 4.87 m/s, respectively, and the lowest were achieved from control plants. The highest repose angle filling and emptyin were obtained from control 46.7°, 23.17° respectively, and the lowest were achieved from primed with folamin. Also the highest static friction coefficient were obtained from control on plywood (1.6) and lowest were achieved from primed with folamin (0.67) on galvanized iron surfaces.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arithmetic mean diameter
  • Geometric mean diameter
  • Sphericity
  • Terminal velocity
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